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01 Jul 2008, 15:53
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B
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
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74% (01:29) correct
26%
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Executives and federal officials say that the use of crack and cocaine is growing rapidly among workers, significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of more than $100 billion a year.
(A) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of
(B) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already cost business
(C) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, already with business costs of
(D) significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costing business
(E) significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costs business
Similar Question : LINK 1 & LINK 2 & LINK 3
(A) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of
(B) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already cost business
(C) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, already with business costs of
(D) significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costing business
(E) significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costs business
Similar Question : LINK 1 & LINK 2 & LINK 3
Choice B, the best answer, uses clear and concise phrasing to state that it is the effects of drug and alcohol abuse that already cost business the sum mentioned.
In A, to business is awkwardly and confusingly inserted between cost and the propositional phrase that modifies it, and are already a cost to business is wordy and awkward compared to cost business.
In C, already with business costs of… is awkward and unclear, failing to specify that those prior effects generate the cost.
Choices D and E produce faulty constructions with the phrase significant in compounding, which cannot grammatically modify the verb form is growing.
https://www.nytimes.com/1988/12/12/business/workers-substance-abuse-is-increasing-survey-says.html
Executives and Federal officials say the use of cocaine and crack is growing rapidly among workers, significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which cost business more than $100 billion a year.
I got this wrong.... can you please post answers with explanations?
In A, to business is awkwardly and confusingly inserted between cost and the propositional phrase that modifies it, and are already a cost to business is wordy and awkward compared to cost business.
In C, already with business costs of… is awkward and unclear, failing to specify that those prior effects generate the cost.
Choices D and E produce faulty constructions with the phrase significant in compounding, which cannot grammatically modify the verb form is growing.
https://www.nytimes.com/1988/12/12/business/workers-substance-abuse-is-increasing-survey-says.html
Executives and Federal officials say the use of cocaine and crack is growing rapidly among workers, significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which cost business more than $100 billion a year.
I got this wrong.... can you please post answers with explanations?
19 Nov 2012, 14:03
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misan
Would you please someone explain the reference of "which" in this question?
According to Manhattan SC book,page 91, I though "which" always refers to the noun immediately preceding it. So here "which" should refer to abuse.
Can someone tell me what I'm missing here?
Thank you:)
According to Manhattan SC book,page 91, I though "which" always refers to the noun immediately preceding it. So here "which" should refer to abuse.
Can someone tell me what I'm missing here?
Thank you:)
Hi there,
The correct answer for this question is B. Let's see the senetnce with the correct answer choice now:
Executives and federal officials say that the use of crack and cocaine is growing rapidly among workers, significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already cost business more than $100 billion a year.
"which" is a relative pronoun that must refer to a preceding noun entity. This entity can be a single word noun entity or a noun phrase. In this case, "which" modifies the preceding noun entity "the effects of drug and alcohol abuse", a noun phrase. Since "the effects" is the head of this noun phrase, "which" stands for that plural enity and hence takes plural verb "cost".
So Noun Modifiers can refer to a slightly far away noun as we saw in this sentence. To read more on this topic, click on the following link:
noun-modifiers-can-modify-slightly-far-away-noun-135868.html
Hope this helps.
Thanks.
Shraddha
01 Sep 2012, 03:11
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Here is what I think:
Executives and federal officials say that the use of crack and cocaine is growing rapidly among workers, significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of more than $100 billion a year.
(A) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of
"Significantly" is an adverb that modifies the adjective "compounding", which in turn modifies the noun "the effects" - This looks okay. "Which already are a cost" - is correct except that it is wordy. We need a plural verb for "the effects" => The effectS... cost.. XYZ. Note that "costs" is functioning as a noun and not a verb. Final part "... to business of more than $100 billion a year" - If I re-frame the latter half of the sentence - This sounds like => The effects ____ cost to business OF more than $100 billion a year - Here "of more than $100 billion a year" is an adjective phrase telling us more about the "business" instead of telling how the business if affected. However, it should be => The effects ____ cost business more than $100 billion a year - Here the "effects" correctly relates with the "cause".
(B) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already cost business
Correct. Corrects the error pointed out in option A. More concise.
(C) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, already with business costs of
In addition to points discussed for option "A". The verb "cost" is now used as a noun "costs. Here "already" (adverb) modifies "business costs", which is a noun
(D) significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costing business
Significant here modifies "workers" As if the the workers play a significant role in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse. "... and already costing business" This clause makes the sentence looks like ==> Executives and federal officials say that the use of crack and cocaine is growing rapidly among workers, (Worker Modifier) non-essential clause, and already costing business. It seems that the executives and federal officials are talking about two problems 1) The use of crack and cocaine... and 2) Saying that the use is costing business. This would have been right if the two clauses were parallel with the use of "that" => and that the use is already costing business more than $100 billion a year.
(E) significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costs business
As explained in D. Also, the effects would have a plural verb "cost" and not the singular verb "costs"
Please correct me if I'm wrong.
Executives and federal officials say that the use of crack and cocaine is growing rapidly among workers, significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of more than $100 billion a year.
(A) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of
"Significantly" is an adverb that modifies the adjective "compounding", which in turn modifies the noun "the effects" - This looks okay. "Which already are a cost" - is correct except that it is wordy. We need a plural verb for "the effects" => The effectS... cost.. XYZ. Note that "costs" is functioning as a noun and not a verb. Final part "... to business of more than $100 billion a year" - If I re-frame the latter half of the sentence - This sounds like => The effects ____ cost to business OF more than $100 billion a year - Here "of more than $100 billion a year" is an adjective phrase telling us more about the "business" instead of telling how the business if affected. However, it should be => The effects ____ cost business more than $100 billion a year - Here the "effects" correctly relates with the "cause".
(B) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already cost business
Correct. Corrects the error pointed out in option A. More concise.
(C) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, already with business costs of
In addition to points discussed for option "A". The verb "cost" is now used as a noun "costs. Here "already" (adverb) modifies "business costs", which is a noun
(D) significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costing business
Significant here modifies "workers" As if the the workers play a significant role in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse. "... and already costing business" This clause makes the sentence looks like ==> Executives and federal officials say that the use of crack and cocaine is growing rapidly among workers, (Worker Modifier) non-essential clause, and already costing business. It seems that the executives and federal officials are talking about two problems 1) The use of crack and cocaine... and 2) Saying that the use is costing business. This would have been right if the two clauses were parallel with the use of "that" => and that the use is already costing business more than $100 billion a year.
(E) significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costs business
As explained in D. Also, the effects would have a plural verb "cost" and not the singular verb "costs"
Please correct me if I'm wrong.
