kinjiGC wrote:
Before 1986 physicists believed they could describe the universe in terms of four universal forces. Experiments then suggested, however, a fifth universal force of mutual repulsion between particles of matter. This fifth force would explain the occurrence in the experiments of a smaller measurement of the gravitational attraction between bodies than the established theory predicted.
Which one of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument that there is a fifth universal force?
A) The extremely sophisticated equipment used for the experiments was not available to physicists before the 1970’s.
This does not strengthen the argument.
Also, this answer choice talks about the 1970s. All we know is that before 1986 physicists believed in only 4 universal forces. Knowing what equipment was available before the 1970s (6+ years prior) is completely irrelevant. B) No previously established scientific results are incompatible with the notion of a fifth universal force.
The 5th universal force isn't disproved by any established scientific results. This Strengthens the likelihood that a 5th force exists! C) Some scientists have suggested that the alleged fifth universal force is an aspect of gravity rather than being fundamental in itself.
If the 5th force is just an aspect of one of the original 4 forces, then it's not a unique force. Weakens our argument. D) The experiments were conducted by physicists in remote geological settings in which factors affecting the force of gravity could not be measured with any degree of precision.
The experiments were conducted in a poor manner. Weakens our argument. E) The fifth universal force was postulated at a time during which many other exciting and productive ideas in theoretical physics were developed.
In other words:[/i] The potential discovery of a 5th universal force was developed during a time when lots of other ideas came around.
So what? That doesn't strengthen the argument that a 5th force is real. Irrelevant.