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Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the

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Re: Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the [#permalink] New post   28 Sep 2019, 12:05
Hi GMATNinja daagh,

Sorry the question may sound stupid but Isn't "and those that would have the largest impact on people," acting more as a modifier rather then putting it parallel with "the most obvious effects"


egmat wrote:
Hi All,

Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the Earth would warm and by how much, but climatologists have indicated all along that the most obvious effects, and those that would have the largest impact on people, would be extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess.


Error Analysis:

1. All the subject verb pairs are accounted for: “the most obvious effects” and “those” – “would be”, “that’ (refers to obvious effects) – “would have”.
2. The verb tenses used are correct. Since the sentence talks about future possibility, use of “would” is correct.
3. Pronoun “those” correct refers to “most obvious effects”.
4. Relative pronoun “that” correctly modifies “those” that refers to “the most obvious effects”.
5. “the most obvious effects” is parallel to “those” while “temperature”, “precipitation”, and “storminess” are parallel.
6. There are no idiom error and meaning error in this sentence.
7. This sentence is correct as is.

POE:

Choice A: the most obvious effects, and those that would have the largest impact on people, would be extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess: Correct for the reasons stated above.

Choice B: the effects that are the most obvious ones, extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, would be those impacting the most on people: Incorrect.
1. “the effects that are the most obvious ones” is way too wordy when we can say “the most obvious effects”.
2. The parallel list has been violated. The entities in the list are now “effects”, “extreme of temperature”, “precipitation”, and “storminess”.
3. Reference of “those” is ambiguous.
4. “impacting the most on people” is absolutely ungrammatical. The correct expression is either “have impact on people” or “impacting people”.

Choice C: those effects to have the largest impact on people, extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, are what are the most obvious effects: Incorrect.
1. Repeats the same parallelism error as in Choice B.
2. “what are “ is not needed.
3. This choice distorts the intended meaning. It says that the effects that would have the largest impact are the most obvious ones.

Choice D: extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, the most obvious effects, that they would have the largest impact on people: Incorrect. There is no verb for “extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess”. This leads to a fragment.

Choice E: extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, which are the most obvious effects, are those to impact the most on people: Incorrect.
1. Use of “which” is incorrect.
2. “to impact the most on people” is ungrammatical.

Hope this helps.
Thanks.
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Re: Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the [#permalink] New post   01 Oct 2019, 22:46
ankur55 wrote:
Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the Earth would warm and by how much, but climatologists have indicated all along that the most obvious effects, and those that would have the largest impact on people, would be extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess.


(A) the most obvious effects, and those that would have the largest impact on people, would be extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess

(B) the effects that are the most obvious ones, extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, would be those impacting the most on people

(C) those effects to have the largest impact on people, extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, are what are the most obvious effects

(D) extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, the most obvious effects, that they would have the largest impact on people

(E) extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, which are the most obvious effects, are those to impact the most on people


Show Spoiler
https://www.nytimes.com/1995/05/23/science/more-extremes-found-in-weather-pointing-to-greenhouse-gas-effect.html

Discussion of the greenhouse effect has usually focused on the question of whether the earth will warm and by how much; scientists believe a doubling of greenhouse gas concentrations would raise the average global temperature by 3 to 8 degrees Fahrenheit. But climatologists have said all along that the most obvious effects, and those that will have the largest impact on people, would be extremes of temperature, precipitation and storminess.


Can't find an obvious error. Let's review the option choices if they give some hint.

B: unnecessary that
C: unnecessarily wordy
D: unnecessary that
E: missing verb

A seems the best choice
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Re: Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the [#permalink] New post   02 May 2020, 01:54
egmat wrote:
Choice B: the effects that are the most obvious ones, extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, would be those impacting the most on people: Incorrect.
1. “the effects that are the most obvious ones” is way too wordy when we can say “the most obvious effects”.
2. The parallel list has been violated. The entities in the list are now “effects”, “extreme of temperature”, “precipitation”, and “storminess”.
3. Reference of “those” is ambiguous.
4. “impacting the most on people” is absolutely ungrammatical. The correct expression is either “have impact on people” or “impacting people”.


Hi egmat,

I have some doubts on the highlighted part above.
Why is “impacting the most on people” ungrammatical?
Can you cite official explanation/question indicating that the above usage is ungrammatical?

The highlighted part contradicts what 2 prominent dictionaries say
According to https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictio ... ish/impact
Quote:
Falling export rates have impacted (on) the country's economy quite considerably.

Also, according to https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/impact
Quote:
intransitive verb
1: to have an impact —often used with on
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Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the [#permalink] New post   02 May 2020, 06:23
Dear Bunuel,

Tag in this question is misleading.
It sure is NOT from OG 18-20.

Moreover, Ron was skeptical whether this is from GMAT Prep as well
Maybe this isn't official question.

Quote:
i received a private message about this problem, in which the original poster has claimed that it is from gmat prep.

before commenting on the question, i'd like to see proof that it really is from an official source. i have my doubts -- i can see above that the sentence has been taken from the new york times, but it has several elements that don't make much sense outside the larger context of the article.

therefore, i'd like to see a screenshot of the problem from the actual software -- or a citation of whatever other source it may have come from -- before commenting on it. thanks.
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Re: Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the [#permalink] New post   02 May 2020, 07:05
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varotkorn wrote:
Dear Bunuel,

Tag in this question is misleading.
It sure is NOT from OG 18-20.

Moreover, Ron was skeptical whether this is from GMAT Prep as well (https://gmatclub.com/forum/?href=.html)

Maybe this isn't official question.

Quote:
i received a private message about this problem, in which the original poster has claimed that it is from gmat prep.

before commenting on the question, i'd like to see proof that it really is from an official source. i have my doubts -- i can see above that the sentence has been taken from the new york times, but it has several elements that don't make much sense outside the larger context of the article.

therefore, i'd like to see a screenshot of the problem from the actual software -- or a citation of whatever other source it may have come from -- before commenting on it. thanks.


_________________
Removed the tags. Thank you.
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Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the [#permalink] New post   02 May 2020, 23:49
786. Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the Earth would warm and by how much, but climatologists have indicated all along that the most obvious effects, and those that would have the largest impact on people, would be extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess.
Meaning:
Discussion = subject
of greenhouse effects
has usually focused on= verb for “discussion”
whether the Earth would warm and by how much, = question the level to which earth will become warm. Big question.
, but climatologists have indicated all along = SV pair exist (climatologists - have indicated) So something has been suggested by climatologists, and the part start with “but” so something different from first half.
that the most obvious effects, and those that would have the largest impact on people, would be extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess.
that the most obvious effects = so climatologists are talking about these effects. “that” is connector. “Effects” is subject of that clause, so we will need verb ahead.
and those that would have the largest impact on people = “that” is referring to “those” so plural verb “have” is correct. “Those” is referring “effects”
, would be extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess.
“would be” is verb for “effects”
Finally, this sentence doesn’t seem to have any error. Will look for answer choice, if we find any issue in those options.
Error:
(A) the most obvious effects, and those that would have the largest impact on people, would be extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess

(B) the effects that are the most obvious ones, extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, would be those impacting the most on people
Distort the meaning , list error as well.
(C) those effects to have the largest impact on people, extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, are what are the most obvious effects
Distort the meaning, same errors as in “B”

(D) extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, the most obvious effects, that they would have the largest impact on people
Distort the meaning. No verb for the list created
(E) extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, which are the most obvious effects, are those to impact the most on people
Distort the meaning, “to impact the most on people” is illogical usage.
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Re: Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the [#permalink] New post   13 May 2020, 19:46
GMATNinja wrote:
SomwyaaSukriti wrote:
Gmat club verbal expert (GMATNinja) can you please explain the parallelism in question option A.


The main clause here is "Climatologists have indicated all along that the most obvious effects would be extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess." The three elements in red are the aforementioned "obvious effects." Note that it's perfectly acceptable for one of the elements to be a noun phrase - "extremes of temperature" - and two of the elements to be simple nouns - "precipitation" and "storminess." The important consideration is that all the elements in the list perform the same function, and here they do.

I hope that helps!



How is E wrong?? people are saying use of which is wrong. but which is representing all three extremeties.
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Re: Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the [#permalink] New post   30 May 2020, 03:11
Piyushggmat wrote:
GMATNinja wrote:
SomwyaaSukriti wrote:
Gmat club verbal expert (GMATNinja) can you please explain the parallelism in question option A.


The main clause here is "Climatologists have indicated all along that the most obvious effects would be extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess." The three elements in red are the aforementioned "obvious effects." Note that it's perfectly acceptable for one of the elements to be a noun phrase - "extremes of temperature" - and two of the elements to be simple nouns - "precipitation" and "storminess." The important consideration is that all the elements in the list perform the same function, and here they do.

I hope that helps!



How is E wrong?? people are saying use of which is wrong. but which is representing all three extremeties.

Hi Piyushggmat
Take look at option E

"Extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, which are the most obvious effects, are those to impact the most on people."
Here, it's not quite clear what "those" refers to. Is it referring to "extremes" or "effects?"

If we give the sentence writer the benefit of the doubt, and decide that "those" refers back to "effects", we'd get the following:
"Extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess are the effects to impact the most on people."

Extremes are effects doesn't make sense.
Hope it helps :)
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Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the [#permalink] New post   18 Jul 2020, 19:42
Quote:
(A) the most obvious effects, and those that would have the largest impact on people, would be extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess


why "and " is correct in option A.
Does not it sounds like : A ,and B ,would be C( means A+B =C) . but i guess the B is just a modifier for A.
i am confused with purpose of and in this sentence, even and is proceed after a comma.

please suggest.
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Re: Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the [#permalink] New post   18 Jul 2020, 21:14
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Modifiers are never attached with an 'and' to the modified noun. Therefore, B is no modifier of A. B is yet one more factor like A
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Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the [#permalink] New post   18 Jul 2020, 21:45
daagh wrote:
Modifiers are never attached with an 'and' to the modified noun. Therefore, B is no modifier of A. B is yet one more factor like A

Doesn't it destroys the meaning?
Quote:
the most obvious effects, and those that would have the largest impact on people


A, and B, are E,P and S.

Problem1: how can the obvious effects are extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess? The effects should be like coldness,numb etc.
Problem2: means the most obvious effects AND those have largest impact ARE : extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess.it means A can be E . B can be P and S. because and is mentioned in between A and B. we are combining results of A and B to E,P and S.
Problem3: meaning distorted by "and" . The ones that have largest impacts have the most obvious effects.


please help me to understand.
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Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the [#permalink] New post   02 Aug 2020, 01:37
Dear experts,

I still don't understand the function of the comma in choice A " and those that would have the largest impact on people".
If the phrase "and those that would have the largest impact on people" does not function as an absolute modifier (because of " and"), why do we need the second comma after "people"?.

Actually, I crossed out immediately A after seeing ", and those that would have the largest impact on people," because this phrase does not seem grammatically function as a modifier or a second independent subject . So, I am really confused to see A as a correct answer. Is my approach correct?
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Re: Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the [#permalink] New post   02 Aug 2020, 02:16
imSKR wrote:
daagh wrote:
Modifiers are never attached with an 'and' to the modified noun. Therefore, B is no modifier of A. B is yet one more factor like A

Doesn't it destroys the meaning?
Quote:
the most obvious effects, and those that would have the largest impact on people


A, and B, are E,P and S.

Problem1: how can the obvious effects are extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess? The effects should be like coldness,numb etc.
Problem2: means the most obvious effects AND those have largest impact ARE : extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess.it means A can be E . B can be P and S. because and is mentioned in between A and B. we are combining results of A and B to E,P and S.
Problem3: meaning distorted by "and" . The ones that have largest impacts have the most obvious effects.


please help me to understand.



HI Sir AjiteshArun MentorTutoring : please give your opinion.

thanks!
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Re: Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the [#permalink] New post   02 Aug 2020, 05:01
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imSKR wrote:
imSKR wrote:
daagh wrote:
Modifiers are never attached with an 'and' to the modified noun. Therefore, B is no modifier of A. B is yet one more factor like A

Doesn't it destroys the meaning?
Quote:
the most obvious effects, and those that would have the largest impact on people


A, and B, are E,P and S.

Problem1: how can the obvious effects are extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess? The effects should be like coldness,numb etc.
Problem2: means the most obvious effects AND those have largest impact ARE : extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess.it means A can be E . B can be P and S. because and is mentioned in between A and B. we are combining results of A and B to E,P and S.
Problem3: meaning distorted by "and" . The ones that have largest impacts have the most obvious effects.


please help me to understand.



HI Sir AjiteshArun MentorTutoring : please give your opinion.

thanks!

Hello, imSKR. I will admit that I am not a fan of this question. Sure, the source seems fine if you check the Spoiler, but I wanted the and in question to be removed. Anyway, how about we examine the actual sentence?

Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the Earth would warm and by how much, but climatologists have indicated all along that the most obvious effects, and those that would have the largest impact on people, would be extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess.

Perhaps you are overanalyzing the grammar or meaning. The effects of greenhouse gases could be the weather conditions mentioned—i.e. the excessive buildup of greenhouse gases could lead to atypical weather developments—so I have no problem there. I also find your problems 2 and 3 to be similar non-issues. The sentence is, in fact, driving at the notion that the most obvious effects are also those that would have the largest impact on people. This could just as easily be conveyed without the highlighted and, though.

In the end, (A) is the cleanest choice of the lot, but this is one I was happy to answer just to be able to move on.

- Andrew
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Re: Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the [#permalink] New post   30 Oct 2020, 00:36
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ankur55 wrote:
Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the Earth would warm and by how much, but climatologists have indicated all along that the most obvious effects, and those that would have the largest impact on people, would be extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess.


(A) the most obvious effects, and those that would have the largest impact on people, would be extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess

(B) the effects that are the most obvious ones, extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, would be those impacting the most on people

(C) those effects to have the largest impact on people, extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, are what are the most obvious effects

(D) extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, the most obvious effects, that they would have the largest impact on people

(E) extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, which are the most obvious effects, are those to impact the most on people


This question is based on Construction and Idiomatic Usage.

“The effects that are the most obvious ones” is wordy. The participle ‘impacting’ should not be followed by the preposition ‘on’. The noun form ‘impact’ should be followed by ‘on’, but not the participle. The correct usage would be ‘impacting people’. So, Option B can be ruled out.

The phrase “what are the most obvious effects” is awkward and redundant. This option also conveys the meaning that effects are the most obvious effects. So, there is an unnecessary repetition of the word ‘effects’. So, Option C can also be ruled out.

Option D is made up of two subordinate clauses one after the other – that extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, the most obvious effects, that they would have the largest impact on people. This placement leaves the sentence incomplete because there is no verb to complete the idea of the subject “extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess”. So, Option D can also be ruled out.

When ‘impact’ is used as a verb, it should not be followed by the preposition ‘on’. The relative pronoun ‘which’ does not have a clear antecedent. So, Option E can also be ruled out.

Option A contains a subject followed by a modifier - the most obvious effects, and those that would have the largest impact on people, would be extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess. This is followed by the verb ‘would’, which indicates the probability of the effects. In Option A, ‘impact’ is used as a noun so it should be followed by the preposition ‘on’. Therefore, A is the most appropriate option.

Jayanthi Kumar.
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Re: Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the [#permalink] New post   09 Nov 2020, 04:46
ankur55 wrote:
Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the Earth would warm and by how much, but climatologists have indicated all along that the most obvious effects, and those that would have the largest impact on people, would be extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess.


(A) the most obvious effects, and those that would have the largest impact on people, would be extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess

(B) the effects that are the most obvious ones, extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, would be those impacting the most on people

(C) those effects to have the largest impact on people, extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, are what are the most obvious effects

(D) extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, the most obvious effects, that they would have the largest impact on people

(E) extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, which are the most obvious effects, are those to impact the most on people


Show Spoiler
https://www.nytimes.com/1995/05/23/science/more-extremes-found-in-weather-pointing-to-greenhouse-gas-effect.html

Discussion of the greenhouse effect has usually focused on the question of whether the earth will warm and by how much; scientists believe a doubling of greenhouse gas concentrations would raise the average global temperature by 3 to 8 degrees Fahrenheit. But climatologists have said all along that the most obvious effects, and those that will have the largest impact on people, would be extremes of temperature, precipitation and storminess.



Hey guys,

in answer E, do you think that one can say that which falsely refers to a group or extremes? In my opinion which can only refer to the single entity storminess or jump over the prep. phrase and refer to extremes. What do you think?
Second explanation is for sure that it should be a essential modifier not using a comma, but I am asking something different here.

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Re: Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the [#permalink] New post   15 Nov 2020, 10:52
I think this question is taken from this OG question- https://gmatclub.com/forum/discussion-o ... 04263.html
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Re: Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the [#permalink] New post   05 Sep 2021, 01:18
Discussion of greenhouse effects have usually had as a focus the possibility of Earth growing warmer and to what extent it might, but climatologists have indicated all along that precipitation, storminess, and temperature extremes are likely to have the greatest impact on people.

(A) Discussion of greenhouse effects have usually had as a focus the possibility of Earth growing warmer and to what extent it might,

(B) Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually had as its focus whether Earth would get warmer and what the extent would be,

(C) Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether Earth would grow warmer and to what extent,

(D) The discussion of greenhouse effects have usually focused on the possibility of Earth getting warmer and to what extent it might,

(E) The discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether Earth would grow warmer and the extent that is,

dear AndrewN, andGMATNinja, GMATNinjaTwo,
I encountered another similar question.
I am struggling with B and C,
I have no idea how to split B and C.
in B, it seems parallel between whether Earth would get warmer and what the extent would be,
in C, it seems parallel between on whether Earth would grow warmer and to what extent

it confused a lot for me

appreciate your clarifiction.

thanks in advance.
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Re: Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the [#permalink] New post   05 Sep 2021, 09:07
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zoezhuyan wrote:
Discussion of greenhouse effects have usually had as a focus the possibility of Earth growing warmer and to what extent it might, but climatologists have indicated all along that precipitation, storminess, and temperature extremes are likely to have the greatest impact on people.

(A) Discussion of greenhouse effects have usually had as a focus the possibility of Earth growing warmer and to what extent it might,

(B) Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually had as its focus whether Earth would get warmer and what the extent would be,

(C) Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether Earth would grow warmer and to what extent,

(D) The discussion of greenhouse effects have usually focused on the possibility of Earth getting warmer and to what extent it might,

(E) The discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether Earth would grow warmer and the extent that is,

dear AndrewN, andGMATNinja, GMATNinjaTwo,
I encountered another similar question.
I am struggling with B and C,
I have no idea how to split B and C.
in B, it seems parallel between whether Earth would get warmer and what the extent would be,
in C, it seems parallel between on whether Earth would grow warmer and to what extent

it confused a lot for me

appreciate your clarifiction.

thanks in advance.

Hello, zoezhuyan. To be honest, you probably should not worry too much about non-official questions. They are not screened as rigorously as their official counterparts and can create unnecessary confusion. That said, there is an idiom issue that lies at the heart of (B) and (C) in the question above: discussion... has... had as its focus is NOT idiomatic, while discussion... has... focused on is idiomatically sound. Thus, (C) wins. You should also be suspect of a construct such as the one at the end of (B), which places the to be verb last—what the extent would be—as opposed to the noun at the end of (C)—to what extent.

I hope that helps clarify your concerns. Thank you for thinking to ask.

- Andrew
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Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the [#permalink] New post   05 Sep 2021, 18:26
AndrewN wrote:
zoezhuyan wrote:
Discussion of greenhouse effects have usually had as a focus the possibility of Earth growing warmer and to what extent it might, but climatologists have indicated all along that precipitation, storminess, and temperature extremes are likely to have the greatest impact on people.

(A) Discussion of greenhouse effects have usually had as a focus the possibility of Earth growing warmer and to what extent it might,

(B) Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually had as its focus whether Earth would get warmer and what the extent would be,

(C) Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether Earth would grow warmer and to what extent,

(D) The discussion of greenhouse effects have usually focused on the possibility of Earth getting warmer and to what extent it might,

(E) The discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether Earth would grow warmer and the extent that is,

dear AndrewN, andGMATNinja, GMATNinjaTwo,
I encountered another similar question.
I am struggling with B and C,
I have no idea how to split B and C.
in B, it seems parallel between whether Earth would get warmer and what the extent would be,
in C, it seems parallel between on whether Earth would grow warmer and to what extent

it confused a lot for me

appreciate your clarifiction.

thanks in advance.

Hello, zoezhuyan. To be honest, you probably should not worry too much about non-official questions. They are not screened as rigorously as their official counterparts and can create unnecessary confusion. That said, there is an idiom issue that lies at the heart of (B) and (C) in the question above: discussion... has... had as its focus is NOT idiomatic, while discussion... has... focused on is idiomatically sound. Thus, (C) wins. You should also be suspect of a construct such as the one at the end of (B), which places the to be verb last—what the extent would be—as opposed to the noun at the end of (C)—to what extent.

I hope that helps clarify your concerns. Thank you for thinking to ask.

- Andrew


hi, AndrewN,, thanks for you reply.
my carelessness makes you thought that this is not OG question, actually, it is Q# 860 from OG 2021 on page 751, SC04093,

as you said:
Quote:
You should also be suspect of a construct such as the one at the end of (B), which places the to be verb last—what the extent would be—as opposed to the noun at the end of (C)—to what extent.


this makes me more confused.
if "to what extent" is noun, then "whether Earth would grow warmer" works as noun? otherwise the parallelism will be clause parallel to noun?
does this kind of parallelism make sense.?
what he knows and who spoke to him --> parallel
what he knows and the people who spoke to him --> not parallel
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Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the [#permalink]
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