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Around the World in 80 Questions (Day 9): Although British and French

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Around the World in 80 Questions (Day 9): Although British and French [#permalink] New post   27 Jul 2023, 08:00
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Although British and French abolitionists of the late 1700s predicted that manumission and the blockading of slave ships would gradually undermine it, slavery continued to be the dominant cultural and economic force in southern America until the end of the American Civil War in 1865.

(A) would gradually undermine it
(B) to be a gradual undermining of it
(C) would be a gradual undermining of slavery
(D) to gradually undermine slavery
(E) gradually undermining it


 


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Re: Around the World in 80 Questions (Day 9): Although British and French [#permalink] New post   27 Jul 2023, 09:00
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Bunuel wrote:
Although British and French abolitionists of the late 1700s predicted that manumission and the blockading of slave ships would gradually undermine it, slavery continued to be the dominant cultural and economic force in southern America until the end of the American Civil War in 1865.

(A) would gradually undermine it
(B) to be a gradual undermining of it
(C) would be a gradual undermining of slavery
(D) to gradually undermine slavery
(E) gradually undermining it


Experts' Global Official Explanation:

Verb Forms + Redundancy/Awkwardness + Meaning

    • The simple future tense is used to refer to actions that will take place in the future.
    • The simple present continuous tense is used to refer to actions that are currently ongoing and continuous in nature.

A. Correct. This answer choice correctly uses the simple future tense verb phrase “would gradually undermine” to refer to a hypothetical future event. Further, Option A is free of any awkwardness or redundancy.

B. This answer choice incorrectly uses the infinitive verb form (“to + base form of verb” - “to + be” in this sentence)”to refer to a hypothetical future action; please remember, the simple future tense is used to refer to an action that will take place in the future. Further, Option B uses the needlessly wordy phrase “be a gradual undermining of it”, leading to awkwardness.

C. This answer uses the needlessly wordy phrase “be a gradual undermining of slavery”, leading to awkwardness.

D. Trap. This answer choice incorrectly uses the infinitive verb form (“to + base form of verb” - “to + undermine” in this sentence)” to refer to a hypothetical future action; please remember, the simple future tense is the correct usage for referring to an action that will take place in the future.

E. This answer choice incorrectly uses the simple present continuous tense verb “undermining” to refer to a hypothetical future action; please remember, the simple present continuous tense is only used to refer to actions that are current and ongoing.

A is the best answer choice.
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Re: Around the World in 80 Questions (Day 9): Although British and French [#permalink] New post   27 Jul 2023, 09:00
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Bunuel wrote:
Although British and French abolitionists of the late 1700s predicted that manumission and the blockading of slave ships would gradually undermine it, slavery continued to be the dominant cultural and economic force in southern America until the end of the American Civil War in 1865.

(A) would gradually undermine it
(B) to be a gradual undermining of it
(C) would be a gradual undermining of slavery
(D) to gradually undermine slavery
(E) gradually undermining it


 


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Re: Around the World in 80 Questions (Day 9): Although British and French [#permalink] New post   27 Jul 2023, 08:32
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Bunuel wrote:
Although British and French abolitionists of the late 1700s predicted that manumission and the blockading of slave ships would gradually undermine it, slavery continued to be the dominant cultural and economic force in southern America until the end of the American Civil War in 1865.

(A) would gradually undermine it
(B) to be a gradual undermining of it
(C) would be a gradual undermining of slavery
(D) to gradually undermine slavery
(E) gradually undermining it


 


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(A) would gradually undermine it
This is grammatically correct and concise

(B) to be a gradual undermining of it
Incorrect, this changes the tense

(C) would be a gradual undermining of slavery
Incorrect. This changes the meaning of the sentence. It implies that the undermining of slavery would be a gradual process rather than the actions of the abolitionists gradually undermining slavery.

(D) to gradually undermine slavery
Incorrect. This changes the tense

(E) gradually undermining it
Incorrect. This sentence is missing '"would"
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Re: Around the World in 80 Questions (Day 9): Although British and French [#permalink] New post   27 Jul 2023, 08:35
Although British and French abolitionists of the late 1700s predicted that manumission and the blockading of slave ships would gradually undermine it, slavery continued to be the dominant cultural and economic force in southern America until the end of the American Civil War in 1865.

(A) would gradually undermine it InCorrect
(B) to be a gradual undermining of it InCorrect
(C) would be a gradual undermining of slaveryInCorrect
(D) to gradually undermine slaveryInCorrect
(E) gradually undermining itCorrect
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Re: Around the World in 80 Questions (Day 9): Although British and French [#permalink] New post   27 Jul 2023, 08:35
Although British and French abolitionists of the late 1700s predicted that manumission and the blockading of slave ships would gradually undermine it, slavery continued to be the dominant cultural and economic force in southern America until the end of the American Civil War in 1865.

(A) would gradually undermine it
(B) to be a gradual undermining of it
(C) would be a gradual undermining of slavery
(D) to gradually undermine slavery
(E) gradually undermining it
_______________________________
Meaning is important to solve the question. Let's take a look at answer choices.
A - ''it'' what it refers to ? - pronoun ambiguity
B - similar error as in A
C - good option ( at least doesnt have pronoun ambiguity)
D - Keep D too.
E - It has the same mistake as in A.

Between C and D.
D is a better option than C, because C is wordier than D and use of '' undermining of slavery'' is not correct in this case.

D is our winner.
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Re: Around the World in 80 Questions (Day 9): Although British and French [#permalink] New post   27 Jul 2023, 08:36
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Bunuel wrote:
Although British and French abolitionists of the late 1700s predicted that manumission and the blockading of slave ships would gradually undermine it, slavery continued to be the dominant cultural and economic force in southern America until the end of the American Civil War in 1865.

(A) would gradually undermine it
(B) to be a gradual undermining of it
(C) would be a gradual undermining of slavery
(D) to gradually undermine slavery
(E) gradually undermining it


 


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The correct answer is (A), "would gradually undermine it." The sentence is in the past tense, so the verb "undermine" should also be in the past tense. The other options are incorrect because they use the wrong tense or because they do not make sense in the context of the sentence.

Here is a breakdown of the other options:

(B) "to be a gradual undermining of it" is incorrect because it uses the infinitive form of the verb "undermine." The infinitive form is used to express purpose or intent, but in this sentence, the verb is simply describing what would happen.
(C) "would be a gradual undermining of slavery" is incorrect because it is wordy and repetitive. The phrase "a gradual undermining" already implies that the undermining would be gradual, so there is no need to repeat it.
(D) "to gradually undermine slavery" is incorrect because it uses the infinitive form of the verb "undermine." See explanation for option (B).
(E) "gradually undermining it" is incorrect because it is not in the past tense. The sentence is about something that happened in the past, so the verb should also be in the past tense.
Therefore, the correct option is (A), "would gradually undermine it."
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Re: Around the World in 80 Questions (Day 9): Although British and French [#permalink] New post   27 Jul 2023, 08:46
eliminate each choice that has it because I believed it is ambiguous that it stands for what?
hence we have only c and d
for D it uses to gradually undermine --> seems weird since the verb is predicted, I believe c is better
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Re: Around the World in 80 Questions (Day 9): Although British and French [#permalink] New post   27 Jul 2023, 09:01
answer is B

option C and D give a choice like ".. slavery, slavery .. ". This is unnecessary and we have better options which use the pronoun IT to modify slavery. so eliminate C and D

E messes the tense. we are tlaking about a contradictory prediction. so eliminate E

though A sounds fine, B is perfect in terms of meaning and grammar. so answer is A
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Re: Around the World in 80 Questions (Day 9): Although British and French [#permalink] New post   27 Jul 2023, 09:12
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Although British and French abolitionists of the late 1700s predicted that manumission and the blockading of slave ships would gradually undermine it, slavery continued to be the dominant cultural and economic force in southern America until the end of the American Civil War in 1865.

(A) would gradually undermine it Keep it is grammatically correct
(B) to be a gradual undermining of it "predicted that ..... to be a gradual undermining of it" is ambigious
(C) would be a gradual undermining of slavery gradual undermining does not make sense
(D) to gradually undermine slavery "it" can be used as slavery is the word right after.
(E) gradually undermining it "predicted that .... would" is needed

A is correct
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Re: Around the World in 80 Questions (Day 9): Although British and French [#permalink] New post   27 Jul 2023, 09:14
2/3 split
would usage is correct as sentence is discussing about event in past
eliminate option B,D,E

(A) would gradually undermine it , usage of it is causing place holder 'it' issue as modifying subject is not clear

(C) would be a gradual undermining of slavery this is resumptive modifier .. correct option

OPTION C is correct

Bunuel wrote:
Although British and French abolitionists of the late 1700s predicted that manumission and the blockading of slave ships would gradually undermine it, slavery continued to be the dominant cultural and economic force in southern America until the end of the American Civil War in 1865.

(A) would gradually undermine it
(B) to be a gradual undermining of it
(C) would be a gradual undermining of slavery
(D) to gradually undermine slavery
(E) gradually undermining it


 


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Re: Around the World in 80 Questions (Day 9): Although British and French [#permalink] New post   27 Jul 2023, 09:15
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Although British and French abolitionists of the late 1700s predicted that manumission and the blockading of slave ships would gradually undermine it, slavery continued to be the dominant cultural and economic force in southern America until the end of the American Civil War in 1865.

(A) would gradually undermine it - CORRECT

(B) to be a gradual undermining of it - meaning issue; to be a gradually undermining

(C) would be a gradual undermining of slavery - meaning issue - would be a gradual undermining

(D) to gradually undermine slavery - incorrect sentence structure; predicted that.. x and y.. to gradually (illogical)

(E) gradually undermining it - incorrect sentence structure; predicted that.. x and y.. gradually (illogical)
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Re: Around the World in 80 Questions (Day 9): Although British and French [#permalink] New post   27 Jul 2023, 09:19
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Answer A

(A) would gradually undermine it ----- Correct
(B) to be a gradual undermining of it ----- that is used in the sentence for which 'would' fits
(C) would be a gradual undermining of slavery ----- repetition of slavery
(D) to gradually undermine slavery------repetition of slavery
(E) gradually undermining it------ wrong grammar

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Re: Around the World in 80 Questions (Day 9): Although British and French [#permalink] New post   27 Jul 2023, 09:33
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Bunuel wrote:
Although British and French abolitionists of the late 1700s predicted that manumission and the blockading of slave ships would gradually undermine it, slavery continued to be the dominant cultural and economic force in southern America until the end of the American Civil War in 1865.

(A) would gradually undermine it
(B) to be a gradual undermining of it
(C) would be a gradual undermining of slavery
(D) to gradually undermine slavery
(E) gradually undermining it


 


This question was provided by Experts Global
for the Around the World in 80 Questions

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(A) would gradually undermine it

Correct as presented.

(B) to be a gradual undermining of it

Illogical meaning is rendered by the use of to be. Eliminate.

(C) would be a gradual undermining of slavery

Wordier construction that A. Also would be renders an incorrect meaning. Eliminate.

(D) to gradually undermine slavery

Although British and French abolitionists of the late 1700s predicted that manumission and the blockading of slave ships to gradually undermine slavery

When predicting future from past, use would. Eliminate.

(E) gradually undermining it

No verb in the relative clause. Eliminate.

IMO A
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Re: Around the World in 80 Questions (Day 9): Although British and French [#permalink] New post   27 Jul 2023, 09:35
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Although British and French abolitionists of the late 1700s predicted that manumission and the blockading of slave ships would gradually undermine it, slavery continued to be the dominant cultural and economic force in southern America until the end of the American Civil War in 1865.

(A) would gradually undermine it
(B) to be a gradual undermining of it
(C) would be a gradual undermining of slavery
(D) to gradually undermine slavery
(E) gradually undermining it

Explanation:
(A) Would is correctly used to refer to a future possibility in the past. CORRECT.
(B) To is used for intent and this changes the meaning of the sentence. The sentence now means that manumission and the blockading of slave ships intended to undermine slavery. OUT.
(C) "would be a" is unidiomatic. OUT.
(D) Same as (B). OUT.
(E) Would is missing. OUT.

ANSWER A
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Re: Around the World in 80 Questions (Day 9): Although British and French [#permalink] New post   27 Jul 2023, 09:51
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Bunuel wrote:
Although British and French abolitionists of the late 1700s predicted that manumission and the blockading of slave ships would gradually undermine it, slavery continued to be the dominant cultural and economic force in southern America until the end of the American Civil War in 1865.

(A) would gradually undermine it
(B) to be a gradual undermining of it
(C) would be a gradual undermining of slavery
(D) to gradually undermine slavery
(E) gradually undermining it


 


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IMO the answer should be A

(A) would gradually undermine it

clear and free of mistakes. 'it' is not abmiguous as it introduces 'slavery'

(B) to be a gradual undermining of it

in the non-underlined part of the sentence, we have 'predicted that' in past tense. So we need 'would' so that the sentence makes sense. This choice uses 'to be', which is incorrect.

(C) would be a gradual undermining of slavery

wordier and more awkward than A. In addition 'slavery' seems to be unnecessarily repeated both in the non- and in the underlined part.

(D) to gradually undermine slavery

same as B

(E) gradually undermining it

fragment
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Re: Around the World in 80 Questions (Day 9): Although British and French [#permalink] New post   27 Jul 2023, 09:52
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The answer is A
Statement A uses it to refer to the only single antecedent i.e manumission which follows the intended logical meaning of the sentence.
Statement B uses gradual undermining of it which is wordy and uses the wrong tense
Statement C uses slavery twice in the sentence which makes it sound wordy and redundant
Statement D uses slavery twice - which is too wordy
Statement E uses gradually undermining it-which is a participle phrase and is incorrectly used here.
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Re: Around the World in 80 Questions (Day 9): Although British and French [#permalink] New post   27 Jul 2023, 10:22
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Although British and French abolitionists of the late 1700s predicted that manumission and the blockading of slave ships would gradually undermine it, slavery continued to be the dominant cultural and economic force in southern America until the end of the American Civil War in 1865.

Sentence is correct as it is. use of would is at par with hypothetical condition introduced by predicted. Also use of pronoun it is correct otherwise it would be slavery, slavery which would introduce redundancy in sentence.

(A) would gradually undermine it: Correct, as discussed above.
(B) to be a gradual undermining of it: Infinitive form of verb not required.
(C) would be a gradual undermining of slavery: Redundancy due to slavery, slavery
(D) to gradually undermine slavery: Same error as C.
(E) gradually undermining it: Sentence lacks helping verb. Also wrong use of tense.

IMO A.
Bunuel wrote:
Although British and French abolitionists of the late 1700s predicted that manumission and the blockading of slave ships would gradually undermine it, slavery continued to be the dominant cultural and economic force in southern America until the end of the American Civil War in 1865.

(A) would gradually undermine it
(B) to be a gradual undermining of it
(C) would be a gradual undermining of slavery
(D) to gradually undermine slavery
(E) gradually undermining it


 


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Re: Around the World in 80 Questions (Day 9): Although British and French [#permalink] New post   27 Jul 2023, 10:27
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Although British and French abolitionists of the late 1700s predicted that manumission and the blockading of slave ships would gradually undermine it, slavery continued to be the dominant cultural and economic force in southern America until the end of the American Civil War in 1865.

(A) would gradually undermine it
as it a prediction in the past, usage of would is good. It here refers to slavery. Looks good

(B) to be a gradual undermining of it
usage of to be does not bring complete sentence after prediction that

(C) would be a gradual undermining of slavery
would be a gradual undermining of slavery changes meaning.

(D) to gradually undermine slavery
predicted that requires complete sentence .. in order to use to we do not require that after predicted . so this has got grammatical error

(E) gradually undermining it
it is not a complete sentence as predicted that manumission and blockading require verb to end.

Option A is correct.
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Re: Around the World in 80 Questions (Day 9): Although British and French [#permalink] New post   27 Jul 2023, 10:28
Bunuel wrote:
Although British and French abolitionists of the late 1700s predicted that manumission and the blockading of slave ships would gradually undermine it, slavery continued to be the dominant cultural and economic force in southern America until the end of the American Civil War in 1865.

(A) would gradually undermine it
(B) to be a gradual undermining of it
(C) would be a gradual undermining of slavery
(D) to gradually undermine slavery
(E) gradually undermining it


 


This question was provided by Experts Global
for the Around the World in 80 Questions

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(A) would gradually undermine it -'It' is wrong
(B) to be a gradual undermining of it -'It' is wrong
(C) would be a gradual undermining of slavery -used for continuous event, wrong
(D) to gradually undermine slavery -Correct
(E) gradually undermining it -'It' is wrong
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Re: Around the World in 80 Questions (Day 9): Although British and French [#permalink]
27 Jul 2023, 10:28
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