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Bunuel
As a result of Karl Lashley’s work in the field of anatomy, neuroscientists now believe that the learned information encoded in 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely four small parts of the brain, the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and cerebellum.

(A) 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely
(B) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons are primarily stored in a mere
(C) the 86 billion neurons found in human brains are primarily stored in merely
(D) the 86 billion neurons found in the human brain is primarily stored in a mere
(E) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons is primarily stored in merely


 


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(A) 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely
Correct. This option is the most preferable among others

(B) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons are primarily stored in a mere
Incorrect. This option also incorrectly suggests that neurons are "stored" in the brain. The use of "a mere" is also awkward and incorrect in this context

(C) the 86 billion neurons found in human brains are primarily stored in merely
Incorrect. Although this is the same as A, use of the makes this incorrect

(D) the 86 billion neurons found in the human brain is primarily stored in a mere
Incorrect. It has 'is' instead of are.

(E) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons is primarily stored in merely
Incorrect. Human brain's neurons is incorrect.
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As a result of Karl Lashley’s work in the field of anatomy, neuroscientists now believe that the learned information encoded in 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely four small parts of the brain, the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and cerebellum.

(A) 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely
(B) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons are primarily stored in a mere
(C) the 86 billion neurons found in human brains are primarily stored in merely
(D) the 86 billion neurons found in the human brain is primarily stored in a mere
(E) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons is primarily stored in merely

Explanation:
(A) information is stored and not are stored. OUT.
(B) same as (A) and (D). OUT.
(C) same as (A). OUT.
(D) in a mere is followed by plural entities. OUT.
(E) Concisely and correctly conveys the meaning. CORRECT.

ANSWER E
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In statements A B and C 'are' is present which is incorrect since the sentence talks about knowledge and 'is' must be used.
(D) the 86 billion neurons found in the human brain is primarily stored in a mere ---- in A mere FOUR SMALL PARTS incorrect
(E) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons is primarily stored in merely --- CORRECT

ANSWER E

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Bunuel
As a result of Karl Lashley’s work in the field of anatomy, neuroscientists now believe that the learned information encoded in 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely four small parts of the brain, the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and cerebellum.

(A) 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely
(B) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons are primarily stored in a mere
(C) the 86 billion neurons found in human brains are primarily stored in merely
(D) the 86 billion neurons found in the human brain is primarily stored in a mere
(E) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons is primarily stored in merely

A- Incorrect; "86 billion of the neurons" implies that there are more than 86 billion neurons in the human brain but only the information of 86 billion neurons are stored in the four parts of the brain. This cannot be the intended meaning of the sentence since the focus of the sentence is on the fact that the said information is stored PRIMARILY in the four parts of the brain. By using the word "primarily", the author is already avoiding the generalization so chances are that the author is refering to all the neurons in the first part of the sentence and not just a fraction of the neurons.
B- Incorrect; Same reason as above.
C- Correct; It correctly implies that ALL the information is primarily stored in the four parts of the brain
D- Incorrect; Although this corrects the issue with the original sentence, it introduces a new error by saying "in a mere four small parts of the brain" which is idiomatically incorrect
E- Incorrect; Same reason as option A
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Bunuel
As a result of Karl Lashley’s work in the field of anatomy, neuroscientists now believe that the learned information encoded in 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely four small parts of the brain, the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and cerebellum.

(A) 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely
(B) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons are primarily stored in a mere
(C) the 86 billion neurons found in human brains are primarily stored in merely
(D) the 86 billion neurons found in the human brain is primarily stored in a mere
(E) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons is primarily stored in merely


 


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The correct answer is (B).

The phrase "merely four small parts" is a bit of a contrast to the large number of neurons that are being discussed. The word "mere" can be used to mean "simple" or "insignificant," so it would be more appropriate to use the possessive form of "brain" here to emphasize the small size of the parts.

The other options are incorrect for the following reasons:

(A) uses the plural form of "neurons" even though the subject of the sentence is singular.
(C) uses the plural form of "brains" even though the subject of the sentence is singular.
(D) uses the singular form of "neurons" even though the subject of the sentence is plural.
(E) is grammatically correct, but it does not emphasize the small size of the parts as well as option (B).
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As a result of Karl Lashley’s work in the field of anatomy, neuroscientists now believe that the learned information encoded in 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely four small parts of the brain, the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and cerebellum.

(A) 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely
(B) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons are primarily stored in a mere
(C) the 86 billion neurons found in human brains are primarily stored in merely
(D) the 86 billion neurons found in the human brain is primarily stored in a mere
(E) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons is primarily stored in merely
______________________________________________
Understanding the intended meaning of the sentence is crucial to solve it. We can separate answer choices by '' merely'' and ''mere'' or ''86 billion of '' and ''the 86 billion''. Let's proceed with process of elimination.

A - Subject of the sentence is '' the learned information'' , so '' are '' cant be right as a verb. A is out.
B -the mistake as in A .
C - intended meaning is altered here and the same mistake has been repeated as in B and A. C is out.
D - grammatically correct , lets keep D
E - grammatically correct, lets keep E too.

Between E and D. D may imply that 86 billion is all of the neurons in the brain , where as E implies that 86 billion neurons out of all human brain neurons. Moreover, '' mere and small'' both modify ''parts of brain'' in D that both adjectives almost mean the same thing. It could be redundant. E is the winner.

Hope it helps.
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Bunuel
As a result of Karl Lashley’s work in the field of anatomy, neuroscientists now believe that the learned information encoded in 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely four small parts of the brain, the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and cerebellum.

(A) 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely
(B) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons are primarily stored in a mere
(C) the 86 billion neurons found in human brains are primarily stored in merely
(D) the 86 billion neurons found in the human brain is primarily stored in a mere
(E) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons is primarily stored in merely


 


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(A) 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely -Correct
(B) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons are primarily stored in a mere -Meaning change
(C) the 86 billion neurons found in human brains are primarily stored in merely -Slightly change in meaning and also 'brains seems wrong here'
(D) the 86 billion neurons found in the human brain is primarily stored in a mere -'Is' is wrong here
(E) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons is primarily stored in merely -'Is' is wrong here

A
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the subject close to underline part is the learned information encoded which is singular
2/3 split
eliminate option A, B & C as they all have are
(D) the 86 billion neurons found in the human brain is primarily stored in a mere ; s-v agreement and use of mere is correct as it is an adjective describing nouns four small parts of the brain, the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and cerebellum.
(E) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons is primarily stored in merely use of merely is wrong as it is used to describe adverbs..

OPTION D is correct

Bunuel
As a result of Karl Lashley’s work in the field of anatomy, neuroscientists now believe that the learned information encoded in 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely four small parts of the brain, the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and cerebellum.

(A) 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely
(B) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons are primarily stored in a mere
(C) the 86 billion neurons found in human brains are primarily stored in merely
(D) the 86 billion neurons found in the human brain is primarily stored in a mere
(E) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons is primarily stored in merely


 


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(A) 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely

Incorrect usage of are for information
(B) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons are primarily stored in a mere
Incorrect usage if plural are for singular information
(C) the 86 billion neurons found in human brains are primarily stored in merely

Incorrect- usage of ‘are’

(D) the 86 billion neurons found in the human brain is primarily stored in a mere
Incorrect- in a mere is incorrect usage

(E) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons is primarily stored in merely

Correct information is singular and so usage of ‘is’ is correct with merely

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I think the correct answer is C.

Reason to eliminate:
B. We don't need possessive noun.
D. Neurons are plural and we need "are".
E. Same as D.
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As a result of Karl Lashley’s work in the field of anatomy, neuroscientists now believe that the learned information encoded in 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely four small parts of the brain, the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and cerebellum.

(A) 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely 86 billion as a subject should be used with is, and merely four small parts does not make sense.
(B) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons are primarily stored in a mere Same as above
(C) the 86 billion neurons found in human brains are primarily stored in merely Same as above
(D) the 86 billion neurons found in the human brain is primarily stored in a mere Correct
(E) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons is primarily stored in merely Same as above
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Quote:
As a result of Karl Lashley’s work in the field of anatomy, neuroscientists now believe that the learned information encoded in 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely four small parts of the brain, the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and cerebellum.

1st split: mere vs. merely. four small parts of the brain is a noun, so we need an adjective to modify it. Discard merely; hence, choices A, C, and E are out.
2nd split: pay attention to the subject of the sentence, which is "learned information encoded....." singular and will take a singular verb. Considering these two splits, only option D stands correct.
Quote:
(A) 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely
the verb are is wrong, and the adverb merely is wrong.
Quote:
(B) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons are primarily stored in a mere
the verb are is wrong.
Quote:
(C) the 86 billion neurons found in human brains are primarily stored in merely
the verb are is wrong, and the adverb merely is wrong.
Quote:
(D) the 86 billion neurons found in the human brain is primarily stored in a mere
CORRECT
Quote:
(E) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons is primarily stored in merely
The adverb merely is wrong.
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As a result of Karl Lashley’s work in the field of anatomy,
neuroscientists now believe that the learned information encoded in
86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain
are primarily stored in merely

four small parts of the brain, the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and cerebellum.

Quote:
(A) 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely
the learned information should be followed by is and NOT are.
Incorrect

Quote:
(B) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons are primarily stored in a mere
the learned information should be followed by is and NOT are.
Incorrect

Quote:
(C) the 86 billion neurons found in human brains are primarily stored in merely
the learned information should be followed by is and NOT are.
Incorrect

Quote:
(D) the 86 billion neurons found in the human brain is primarily stored in a mere
Concise and correct in meaning.

Quote:
(E) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons is primarily stored in merely
86 billion of the human brain’s neurons is awkward.

IMO D
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The Answer is D
Statement A uses are ( plural) to modify the information which is singular. Hence incorrect
Statement B uses are and alters the meaning of the sentence
Statement C uses are which is incorrect
Statement D uses is ( singular) to modify the information (singular). Hence correct
Statement E uses human brains neuron's which is incorrect.
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Bunuel
As a result of Karl Lashley’s work in the field of anatomy, neuroscientists now believe that the learned information encoded in 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely four small parts of the brain, the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and cerebellum.

(A) 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely
(B) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons are primarily stored in a mere
(C) the 86 billion neurons found in human brains are primarily stored in merely
(D) the 86 billion neurons found in the human brain is primarily stored in a mere
(E) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons is primarily stored in merely


 


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Subject is information.

(A) 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely

Incorrect subject verb agreement. We should use is. Eliminate.

(B) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons are primarily stored in a mere

Incorrect subject verb agreement. We should use is. Eliminate.

(C) the 86 billion neurons found in human brains are primarily stored in merely

Incorrect subject verb agreement. We should use is. Eliminate.

(D) the 86 billion neurons found in the human brain is primarily stored in a mere

Correct. The SVA error is rectified. The meaning is correct and clear.

(E) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons is primarily stored in merely

SVA error is rectified. We cannot use merely. merely is an adverb, we need an adjective here. Eliminate.

IMO D
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The original sentence is grammatically correct, but it is a bit awkward. The phrase "86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely" is a bit wordy and indirect.

The best way to improve the sentence is to use the phrase "86 billion of the human brain's neurons are primarily stored in a mere." This phrase is more concise and clear, and it does not imply that the 86 billion neurons are the only ones that are stored in the four small parts of the brain.

The other answer choices are not as good as (B).

(A) is the same as the original sentence and is therefore wordy.
(C) is grammatically incorrect. The phrase "the 86 billion neurons found in human brains are primarily stored in merely" is a plural subject with a singular verb.
(D) is grammatically incorrect. The phrase "the 86 billion neurons found in the human brain is primarily stored in a mere" is a singular subject with a plural verb.
(E) is grammatically incorrect. The phrase "86 billion of the human brain’s neurons is primarily stored in merely" is a singular subject with a plural verb.

B is the correct answer
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As a result of Karl Lashley’s work in the field of anatomy, neuroscientists now believe that the learned information encoded in 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely four small parts of the brain, the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and cerebellum.

Subject = learned information

(A) 86 billion of the neurons found in a human brain are primarily stored in merely - subject-verb agreement issue

(B) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons are primarily stored in a mere - subject-verb agreement issue

(C) the 86 billion neurons found in human brains are primarily stored in merely - subject-verb agreement issue

(D) the 86 billion neurons found in the human brain is primarily stored in a mere - CORRECT

(E) 86 billion of the human brain’s neurons is primarily stored in merely - "the 86" is better; merely is incorrectly used
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