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Turkish
Give n is a positive integer, what is the reminder when 3^n is divided by 10?

1. n is a multiple of 3.

2. n is a multiple of 4

Here, you need to understand two concepts:
When a number is divided by 10, the remainder is the unit's digit of the number. Say, 37/10, quotient 3 and remainder 7. 153/10, quotient 15 and remainder 3 and so on. So if we can find the last digit of 3^n, that will be the remainder.

3^n has a cyclicity of 4 (3, 9, 7, 1). So numbers of the form 4x+1 end with 3, of the form 4x+2 end with 9, of the form 4x+3 end with 7 and of the form 4x end with 1.

Statement 1: n is a multiple of 3.
A multiple of 3 could be of any of these forms: 4x such as 12 or 4x+3 such as 3 or 4x+2 such as 6 or 4x+1 such as 9. Hence the last digit could be anything. Not sufficient.

Statement 2: n is a multiple of 4
A multiple of 4 will always be of them form 4x. Hence 3^n will end with 1. So the remainder in this case will always be 1.

Answer (B)

For more on these concepts, check: https://www.gmatclub.com/forum/veritas-prep-resource-links-no-longer-available-399979.html#/2014/03 ... emainders/
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