As the proportion of Australian workers who are self-employed has boom

Sajjad1994

1. The primary purpose of the passage is to
The main point is Distributing one’s labor across platforms is a zero-sum game that may yield positive results in some scenarios but not necessarily all.

(A) describe a current debate taking place among authors of a certain type of literatureThere is no debate going on among the authors
(B) attack a particular theory as fundamentally untenable Author never state that distributing one's labor theory as fundamentally untenable. Instead, the author states that distributing one’s labor across platforms may yield positive results in some scenarios but not necessarily all.
(C) explain the prevalent theory of a particular business area . This theory is not prevalent theory.
(D) discuss how one principle of business may not be optimal in all cases. Correct
(E) contrast two views with respect to a particular business area The author doesn't talk about two contrasting theories.


2. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the present-day freelancer population in Australia is true?
This Specific detail question is tough one.

(A) It is increasingly preoccupied with the question of how to create more wealth. The author stated that the topic of how to create more wealth is prevalent in the business magazine, but the author never stated that this is popular with freelancers.
(B) The majority of the freelancer population is composed of creative professionals. In the first sentence of the second paragraph the author stated this.
(C) Most freelancers are artists. The passage never stated that most freelancers are artists. [/color]
(D) Many freelancers see themselves as structurally identical to larger corporations. [color=#00ffff]The passage never stated this
(E) It has redefined the priorities of the publishing industry. redefined the priorities of the publishing industry is out of scope.


3. It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes word-of-mouth marketing
A photographer who spends his time developing a marketing plan may consequently jeopardize his public image by failing to devote sufficient effort to expanding his portfolio via new and high-value artwork. Moreover, because “word of mouth” is typically considered the most powerful means of marketing in a creative industry, the potential benefits of such a trade-off are far from certain.

(A) is more prevalent in photography than in other industries The passage didn't state that "word of mouth" is more prevalent in photography than in other industries
(B) is a form of marketing that requires no work on the freelancer’s part wrong
(C) calls into question the utility of a particular business model The author uses this sentence- “word of mouth” is typically considered the most powerful means of marketing in a creative industry, the potential benefits of such a trade-off are far from certain- to substantiate her main point that Distributing one’s labor across platforms is a zero-sum game So the author must be believing that word-of-mouth marketing calls into question the utility of a particular business model
(D) lends credence to a photographer’s choice to develop a marketing planOut of scope
(E) underscores the importance of rejecting a widely held view The passage never stated that this is a Widely held view


4. The author of the passage mentions the photographer (Highlighted) primarily in order to
The author uses the example of "the photographer" to illustrate that Distributing one’s labor across platforms is a zero-sum game that may yield positive results in some scenarios but not necessarily all.
(A) provide an example of an instance in which the principle being discussed could be problematicCorrect
(B) suggest that, for this category of worker, the principle being discussed is rarely useful Out of scope
(C) promote the idea that photography should be viewed as an exception to a general ruleOut of scope
(D) illustrate that marketing decisions are unique in that they should be considered based upon context Out of scope
(E) remind readers that artistic integrity is more important than marketing for a true artistOut of scope

As the proportion of Australian workers who are self-employed has boomed in the past decade, the topic of wealth creation for freelancers has become much more prevalent in business magazines. A standard maxim among such publications is that a sole proprietor is best off treating her business as a much larger enterprise with a set of core departments, including but not limited to executive, production, human resources, marketing, and finance functions. In effect, the freelancer would devote time and attention to each “department” in order to optimize her chances of success, and would, unaided, create content, advertising campaigns, contracts, and quarterly budgets.

Most freelancers, however, presently operate in the creative realm, encompassing not only traditional arts such as photography and writing but also more technical services such as computer programming and software engineering. Such creative forms of labor demand highly specialized skills. For the creative freelancer, then, whose most valued asset is labor, conceptualizing one’s business in such a fashion risks the dilution of the company’s most important resource: the freelancer’s skills. Distributing one’s labor across platforms is a zero-sum game that may yield positive results in some scenarios but not necessarily all. A photographer who spends his time developing a marketing plan may consequently jeopardize his public image by failing to devote sufficient effort to expanding his portfolio via new and high-value artwork. Moreover, because “word of mouth” is typically considered the most powerful means of marketing in a creative industry, the potential benefits of such a trade-off are far from certain.

1. The primary purpose of the passage is to

(C) explain the prevalent theory of a particular business area - Throughout the passage the author an explanation tone.


2. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the present-day freelancer population in Australia is true?

(B) The majority of the freelancer population is composed of creative professionals.

Most freelancers, however, presently operate in the creative realm

3. It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes word of-mouth marketing

(A) is more prevalent in photography than in other industries
Moreover, because “word of mouth” is typically considered the most powerful means of marketing in a creative industry,

By creative industry author means photography.


4. The author of the passage mentions the photographer (Highlighted) primarily in order to


(E) remind readers that artistic integrity is more important than marketing for a true artist

risks the dilution of the company’s most important resource: the freelancer’s skills

The first paragraph talks about a "standard Maxim" and it's effect on the freelancer. Then the 2nd paragraph talks about the limitations of this Maxim ie how it's not applicable to certain areas.
1) D. Option A is wrong because no debate currently taken place that is discussed in the passage.
B is wrong because the author does not say the Maxim cannot last long.
C is wrong because, while the prevalent theory (the Maxim) is explained in the first paragraph, it ignores the information in the 2nd paragraph.
E is wrong because the passage neither discusses nor contrast 2 views.

Question 2: We are told that most freelancers currently operate in the creative realm. Option B says the majority (most) of the freelancer population is composed of creative professionals. A is wrong because we are not told that it's the freelancer who must create wealth. C is wrong because we are told that some freelancers are into computer programming. D: we have no information about freelancers seeing themselves as identical to large organizations.
E:again no where in the passage can we find detail supporting this.

Question 3: the author mentions "word of mouth" preceded by "moreover" in a way that means an additional reason for the idea engendering positive as well as negative effects. So I think C is right. Options A, B, D & E do not have this idea.

Question 4: we're asked basically why the author mentions "photographer". Looking at the sentence before this, the author is discussing the idea of positive and negative effects of freelancers distributing their labor across various platforms. Also, we know this is a problem with the idea so option A correlates with that. B:the author already says that it has positive results in certain areas so it can't be rarely useful.
C:"photographer" is used as an example for the previous point, nothing is said about it being an anomaly.
D:this looks reasonable but the author's idea in the previous sentence isn't that marketing ideas are unique in certain contexts.
E: no indication that artistic integrity is more relevant for the true artist. Also, not all freelancers are artist, some of them are computer programmers.

Posted from my mobile device

1 D discuss how one principle of business may not be optimal in all cases
It clearly explains this by giving the example of photographer(highlighted)

2 B the 2nd paragraph clearly mentions that majority of the freelancers are creative professionals.

3 C questioning "word of mouth" marketing as it has fewer potential benefits

4 A It states that when photographer spends his time to create a marketing plan, he is making lesser time for his own skill development.

IMO, D,B,C,A.

1. The primary purpose of the passage is to

(A) describe a current debate taking place among authors of a certain type of literature-Incorrect , there is no debate over any topic.
(B) attack a particular theory as fundamentally untenable-Incorrect
(C) explain the prevalent theory of a particular business area
(D) discuss how one principle of business may not be optimal in all cases-Correct
(E) contrast two views with respect to a particular business area- Incorrect

2. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the present-day freelancer population in Australia is true?

(A) It is increasingly preoccupied with the question of how to create more wealth.
(B) The majority of the freelancer population is composed of creative professionals.Correct
(C) Most freelancers are artists.
(D) Many freelancers see themselves as structurally identical to larger corporations.
(E) It has redefined the priorities of the publishing industry.
3. It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes word of-mouth marketing

(A) is more prevalent in photography than in other industries
(B) is a form of marketing that requires no work on the freelancer’s part
(C) calls into question the utility of a particular business model
(D) lends credence to a photographer’s choice to develop a marketing plan-Correct , the author believes word of a mouth is a powerful tool in marketing , hence suggests to the author.
(E) underscores the importance of rejecting a widely held view
4. The author of the passage mentions the photographer (Highlighted) primarily in order to

(A) provide an example of an instance in which the principle being discussed could be problematic-Correct
(B) suggest that, for this category of worker, the principle being discussed is rarely useful
(C) promote the idea that photography should be viewed as an exception to a general rule
(D) illustrate that marketing decisions are unique in that they should be considered based upon context
(E) remind readers that artistic integrity is more important than marketing for a true artist

Imo-C

1. The primary purpose of the passage is to

(A) describe a current debate taking place among authors of a certain type of literature- in passage author has not mentioned any debate —incorrect
(B) attack a particular theory as fundamentally untenable - author tone is neutral no attack and criticism—-incorrect
(C) explain the prevalent theory of a particular business area —
Correct

As the proportion of Australian workers who are self-employed has boomed in the past decade, the topic of wealth creation for freelancers has become much more prevalent in business magazines
It is mentioned in above lines
(D) discuss how one principle of business may not be optimal in all cases- not mentioned any principle of business
Author described a business practice in a past decade
(E) contrast two views with respect to a particular business area- no two view is present in passage -incorrect


Imo-B
2. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the present-day freelancer population in Australia is true?

Most freelancers, however, presently operate in the creative realm, encompassing not only traditional arts such as photography and writing but also more technical services such as computer programming and software engineering. -
Author mention that presently most of Freelancer operate in creative services

(A) It is increasingly preoccupied with the question of how to create more wealth.- not mentioned in passage
(B) The majority of the freelancer population is composed of creative professionals.- correct it is stated in above mentioned line
(C) Most freelancers are artists. -No they are artists in traditional
(D) Many freelancers see themselves as structurally identical to larger corporations. - irrelevant
(E) It has redefined the priorities of the publishing industry.-not mentioned


Imo-D
3. It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes word of-mouth marketing

A photographer who spends his time developing a marketing plan may consequently jeopardize his public image by failing to devote sufficient effort to expanding his portfolio via new and high-value artwork. Moreover, because “word of mouth” is typically considered the most powerful means of marketing in a creative industry, the potential benefits of such a trade-off are far from certain.

Author said that author
Photographer involved in developing marketing plan——-fail to devote efforts———potential benefit may be not positive

In above passage line author says
(A) is more prevalent in photography than in other industries ——we dont no about other industries-Extreme
(B) is a form of marketing that requires no work on the freelancer’s part- irrelevant
(C) calls into question the utility of a particular business model -irrelevant
(D) lends credence to a photographer’s choice to develop a marketing plan -correct
(E) underscores the importance of rejecting a widely held view - not any view is mentioned

Imo-A
4.The author of the passage mentions the photographer (Highlighted) primarily in order to

lA photographer who spends his time developing a marketing plan may consequently jeopardize his public image by failing to devote sufficient effort to expanding his portfolio via new and high-value artwork.


(A) provide an example of an instance in which the principle being discussed could be problematic -
Correct
(B) suggest that, for this category of worker, the principle being discussed is rarely useful -no suggestions authors tone is neutral
(C) promote the idea that photography should be viewed as an exception to a general rule -incorrect
(D) illustrate that marketing decisions are unique in that they should be considered based upon context -incorrect
(E) remind readers that artistic integrity is more important than marketing for a true artist- not mentioned about importance of artists intregrity

Posted from my mobile device

1. The primary purpose of the passage is to

(A) describe a current debate taking place among authors of a certain type of literature
Out of the topic
(B) attack a particular theory as fundamentally untenable
There is no attack from the author
(C) explain the prevalent theory of a particular business area
Yes. But this is a small part of the text. By far this is not the primary purpose
(D) discuss how one principle of business may not be optimal in all cases
Yes. One principle is discussed. But the author explains that this is not always optimal for the freelancer
(E) contrast two views with respect to a particular business area
There is no battle of opinion here.

1-->D

2. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the present-day freelancer population in Australia is true?

(A) It is increasingly preoccupied with the question of how to create more wealth.
I think this is a maybe preoccupation for some of them. But not an increasing one. This is not always true
(B) The majority of the freelancer population is composed of creative professionals.
That's what the text tells us:"Most freelancers, however, presently operate in the creative realm".
(C) Most freelancers are artists.
No. The scope is too small
(D) Many freelancers see themselves as structurally identical to larger corporations.
Do they see themselves like this? Not sure
(E) It has redefined the priorities of the publishing industry.
Out scope

2-->B

3. It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes word-of-mouth marketing

(A) is more prevalent in photography than in other industries
I think this is not said in the text
(B) is a form of marketing that requires no work on the freelancer’s part
We can suppose that this is true. Why? Because the author compares the time needed to develop a marketing strategy and word-of-month, which is presented as a contrast versus the marketing strategy (especially in terms of time invested).
(C) calls into question the utility of a particular business model
This is not the business model that is called into question
(D) lends credence to a photographer’s choice to develop a marketing plan
I do not think so.
(E) underscores the importance of rejecting a widely held view
Out of scope

3-->B

4. The author of the passage mentions the photographer (Highlighted) primarily in order to

(A) provide an example of an instance in which the principle being discussed could be problematic
This is an example. Yes. To illustrate the principle being discussed and inferred that this could be a problem. I keep it.
(B) suggest that, for this category of worker, the principle being discussed is rarely useful
Rarely useful. Not it's far from certain. different meaning.
(C) promote the idea that photography should be viewed as an exception to a general rule
No at all
(D) illustrate that marketing decisions are unique in that they should be considered based upon context
Sounds good. But I do not think that the idea of context is introduced. So after hesitating, I do not choose this one.
(E) remind readers that artistic integrity is more important than marketing for a true artist
Not at all the idea that integrity is in jeopardy when marketing is at stake.

4-->A

Explanation in blue
1. D
2. B
3. E
4. A

Para1: Discuss the boom of self employment in Australia and its effects.
Para2: Discuss the limitations and risk associated with Freelancing.









IMO D, B, E, A

Q1. The primary purpose of the passage is to

SOLUTION 1: Answer is d) discuss how one principle of business may not be optimal in all cases

Explanation :

Lets eliminate other options :

(A) describe a current debate taking place among authors of a certain type of literature
There is no debate taking place among others just that they believe in a standard maxim

(B)attack a particular theory as fundamentally untenable
this is too strong a language and author is limited in his critique and tone is towards may yield positive in some cases but not necessary all

(C) explain the prevalent theory of a particular business area
author is not explaining the theory in particular business area rather he is discussing how it may not be applicable in all cases

D)discuss how one principle of business may not be optimal in all cases
So the principle that a sole proprietor is best off treating her business as a much larger enterprise with a set of core departments, including but not limited to executive, production, human resources, marketing, and finance functions -it being optimal is being discussed

E)contrast two views with respect to a particular business area
there are no two views on which debate is happening

2. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the present-day freelancer population in Australia is true?

solution :answer is b) The majority of the freelancer population is composed of creative professionals.

lets eliminate other options :

A) It is increasingly preoccupied with the question of how to create more wealth
this is not what present freelancers are preoccupied with - this is just a recycled language of magazines discussing more on wealth creation topic by freelancers

b)The majority of the freelancer population is composed of creative professionals.
Most freelancers, however, presently operate in the creative realm. so we can infer this from this quote in second paragraph

(C) Most freelancers are artists.
encompassing not only traditional arts such as photography and writing but also more technical services such as computer programming and software engineering. so this clearly does not in anyway state that freelancers are mostly artist

(D) Many freelancers see themselves as structurally identical to larger corporations
this is no where stated in passage so out of scope

(E) It has redefined the priorities of the publishing industry
passage is just saying that freelancer pop. in Australia boomed in the past decade so the topic of wealth creation for freelancers has become much more prevalent in business magazines. - this in no way means that present day freelance population has redefined the priorities of publishing industry.

3. It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes word of-mouth marketing

solution answer C) calls into question the utility of a particular business model

lets eliminate other options :

(A) is more prevalent in photography than in other industries
author questions utility of the investing time in marketing plan by photographer when word of mouth is most powerful means in creative realm

b) is a form of marketing that requires no work on the freelancer’s part
this cannot be inferred that it requires no work on part of freelancer as this is extreme language again

c)calls into question the utility of a particular business model
definitely since its most powerful method in creative realm it questions why photographer spends time on developing marketing plan and hence questions the maxim may not be optimal in all cases.

d) lends credence to a photographer’s choice to develop a marketing plan
its Reversal opposite to facts in passage

e) underscores the importance of rejecting a widely held view
this is strong language again, author only questions that potential benefits are far from certain so nowhere it can be used to infer the language of rejection of the maxim under consideration

4. The author of the passage mentions the photographer (Highlighted) primarily in order to

solution :answer is (A) provide an example of an instance in which the principle being discussed could be problematic

lets eliminate answer choices:

a) provide an example of an instance in which the principle being discussed could be problematic
yes this looks suitable as whole motive here of author was to explain previous line-Distributing one’s labor across platforms is a zero-sum game that may yield positive results in some scenarios but not necessarily all.

b)suggest that, for this category of worker, the principle being discussed is rarely useful
actually category of worker is not the one which author wants to highlight but an instance where the principle/maxim could not being applied to

c) promote the idea that photography should be viewed as an exception to a general rule
this not to just rule out photography as an exception but one example of instance where maxim cannot be applied

d)illustrate that marketing decisions are unique in that they should be considered based upon context
marketing is not the topic which author wants to highlight exactly through this example

e) remind readers that artistic integrity is more important than marketing for a true artist
this is not the purpose, the actual purpose is to quote an example of instance where maxim could be problematic

Hello and Welcome

Great job done by everyone, I might not be able to comment on each reply but posting some highlight overall.

First of all, Please post your explanations before 8 am PDT | 9:30 pm IST. If you don't know, we are running IR butler competition parallel with the RC butler, anyone want to participate is welcomed. Below is the link.

https://gmatclub.com/forum/ir-butler-co ... 43475.html

Secondly, please don't try to cheat as I have just deleted one response which was just a copy paste of OE.

Now coming to this topic, Vie3nrose and Deepakjhamb did an exceptional job by getting 10/10 points, The other two are Tahamohsin 9/10 and Ekens 9/10. The detailed point table will be posted shortly. I have a few comments on day 1:

Tahamohsin please change the color scheme as it is very tough to read in this one.
karthikasai Just copy pasting the answer choices with no explanation will not help anyone, so please take care of this.
BIDJI23 i liked your format of the post.
Pankaj0901 please change your format.
rocky620 recommend you too to change the format.

Today's questions will be posted at 8 am PDT, Will comment to the other questions shortly.

If anyone needs OE please feel free to ask.

Thank you.

I didn't quite understand the answer to the 3rd question.

Please go through the complete thread you will find multiple post explaining the question #3.

Thank you

1. The primary purpose of the passage is to

(A) describe a current debate taking place among authors of a certain type of literature
(B) attack a particular theory as fundamentally untenable
(C) explain the prevalent theory of a particular business area
(D) discuss how one principle of business may not be optimal in all cases
1st paragraph: Introduce the topic: Freelancer in Australia
2nd: HOWEVER, it won't be successful all the time
(E) contrast two views with respect to a particular business area


2. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the present-day freelancer population in Australia is true?

(A) It is increasingly preoccupied with the question of how to create more wealth.
(B) The majority of the freelancer population is composed of creative professionals.
Most freelancers, however, presently operate in the creative realm
(C) Most freelancers are artists.
(D) Many freelancers see themselves as structurally identical to larger corporations.
(E) It has redefined the priorities of the publishing industry.


3. It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes word of-mouth marketing

(A) is more prevalent in photography than in other industries
(B) is a form of marketing that requires no work on the freelancer’s part
(C) calls into question the utility of a particular business model
the potential benefits of such a trade-off are far from certain.
(D) lends credence to a photographer’s choice to develop a marketing plan
(E) underscores the importance of rejecting a widely held view



4. The author of the passage mentions the photographer (Highlighted) primarily in order to

(A) provide an example of an instance in which the principle being discussed could be problematic
(B) suggest that, for this category of worker, the principle being discussed is rarely useful
(C) promote the idea that photography should be viewed as an exception to a general rule
(D) illustrate that marketing decisions are unique in that they should be considered based upon context
(E) remind readers that artistic integrity is more important than marketing for a true artist

Hello from the GMAT Club VerbalBot!

Thanks to another GMAT Club member, I have just discovered this valuable topic, yet it had no discussion for over a year. I am now bumping it up - doing my job. I think you may find it valuable (esp those replies with Kudos).

Want to see all other topics I dig out? Follow me (click follow button on profile). You will receive a summary of all topics I bump in your profile area as well as via email.