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unicornilove
There's option A which ends in 4. How do you account for that?
Bunuel
Official Solution:

What is the value of \(4^{3^{2^{1^{2^{3^4}}}}}\)?

A. \(2,144\)
B. \(262,142\)
C. \(262,144\)
D. \(262,146\)
E. \(262,148\)


To evaluate \(4^{3^{2^{1^{2^{3^4}}}}}\), we need to remember the rule for working with stacked exponents, which is to begin with the highest exponent and work our way down. For example, \(a^{m^n}\) means we first compute \(m^n\) and then use that result as the exponent for \(a\). Therefore, \(a^{m^n} = a^{(m^n)}\). On the other hand, if we have \((a^m)^n\), we compute \(a^m\) first and then raise the result to the power of \(n\), so \((a^m)^n=a^{mn}\).

Let's evaluate the exponents of 4 in our expression. Since \(1^{2^{3^4}}\) equals 1, we can ignore it completely, which means we will be left with \(4^{3^2}\).

Using the exponent rule, \(4^{3^2} = 4^9\).

Since the GMAT is a timed test, we may not have the luxury of actually computing the value of \(4^9\). Instead, we need to use some shortcuts to arrive at the answer. Fortunately, we can notice that the units digit of each answer choice is different, and if we can determine the units digit of \(4^9\), we can identify the correct answer.

The units digit of \(4^k\), where \(k\) is a positive integer, alternates between 4 and 6 for odd and even values of \(k\), respectively. Since 9 is an odd number, the units digit of \(4^9\) is 4.

We can now eliminate any answer choices that do not end in 4. The only answer choice that ends in 4 is C, so our answer is \(4^{3^{2^{1^{2^{3^4}}}}} = 262,144\).


Answer: C
­
­4^9 = 2^18, which is for sure greater than 2,144.
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Bunuel
What is the value of \(4^{3^{2^{1^{2^{3^4}}}}}\)?

A. \(2,144\)
B. \(262,142\)
C. \(262,144\)
D. \(262,146\)
E. \(262,148\)
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Bunuel

The rule for Stacked exponents, which is to begin with the highest exponent and work our way down.

Me question is: if the rule is to begin with the highest exponent and work our way down, why do you raise 1 to the exponent 2, then 3, then 4 and not the otherway around, meaning raise 4 to the exponent 3, then 2 and then 1???
einstein801
There's option A which ends in 4. How do you account for that?
Bunuel
Official Solution:

What is the value of \(4^{3^{2^{1^{2^{3^4}}}}}\)?

A. \(2,144\)
B. \(262,142\)
C. \(262,144\)
D. \(262,146\)
E. \(262,148\)


To evaluate \(4^{3^{2^{1^{2^{3^4}}}}}\), we need to remember the rule for working with stacked exponents, which is to begin with the highest exponent and work our way down. For example, \(a^{m^n}\) means we first compute \(m^n\) and then use that result as the exponent for \(a\). Therefore, \(a^{m^n} = a^{(m^n)}\). On the other hand, if we have \((a^m)^n\), we compute \(a^m\) first and then raise the result to the power of \(n\), so \((a^m)^n=a^{mn}\).

Let's evaluate the exponents of 4 in our expression. Since \(1^{2^{3^4}}\) equals 1, we can ignore it completely, which means we will be left with \(4^{3^2}\).

Using the exponent rule, \(4^{3^2} = 4^9\).

Since the GMAT is a timed test, we may not have the luxury of actually computing the value of \(4^9\). Instead, we need to use some shortcuts to arrive at the answer. Fortunately, we can notice that the units digit of each answer choice is different, and if we can determine the units digit of \(4^9\), we can identify the correct answer.

The units digit of \(4^k\), where \(k\) is a positive integer, alternates between 4 and 6 for odd and even values of \(k\), respectively. Since 9 is an odd number, the units digit of \(4^9\) is 4.

We can now eliminate any answer choices that do not end in 4. The only answer choice that ends in 4 is C, so our answer is \(4^{3^{2^{1^{2^{3^4}}}}} = 262,144\).


Answer: C
­
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Bunuel

The rule for Stacked exponents, which is to begin with the highest exponent and work our way down.

Me question is: if the rule is to begin with the highest exponent and work our way down, why do you raise 1 to the exponent 2, then 3, then 4 and not the otherway around, meaning raise 4 to the exponent 3, then 2 and then 1???
einstein801
There's option A which ends in 4. How do you account for that?
Bunuel
Official Solution:

What is the value of \(4^{3^{2^{1^{2^{3^4}}}}}\)?

A. \(2,144\)
B. \(262,142\)
C. \(262,144\)
D. \(262,146\)
E. \(262,148\)


To evaluate \(4^{3^{2^{1^{2^{3^4}}}}}\), we need to remember the rule for working with stacked exponents, which is to begin with the highest exponent and work our way down. For example, \(a^{m^n}\) means we first compute \(m^n\) and then use that result as the exponent for \(a\). Therefore, \(a^{m^n} = a^{(m^n)}\). On the other hand, if we have \((a^m)^n\), we compute \(a^m\) first and then raise the result to the power of \(n\), so \((a^m)^n=a^{mn}\).

Let's evaluate the exponents of 4 in our expression. Since \(1^{2^{3^4}}\) equals 1, we can ignore it completely, which means we will be left with \(4^{3^2}\).

Using the exponent rule, \(4^{3^2} = 4^9\).

Since the GMAT is a timed test, we may not have the luxury of actually computing the value of \(4^9\). Instead, we need to use some shortcuts to arrive at the answer. Fortunately, we can notice that the units digit of each answer choice is different, and if we can determine the units digit of \(4^9\), we can identify the correct answer.

The units digit of \(4^k\), where \(k\) is a positive integer, alternates between 4 and 6 for odd and even values of \(k\), respectively. Since 9 is an odd number, the units digit of \(4^9\) is 4.

We can now eliminate any answer choices that do not end in 4. The only answer choice that ends in 4 is C, so our answer is \(4^{3^{2^{1^{2^{3^4}}}}} = 262,144\).


Answer: C
­
Because 1^2^3^4 means the exponent is built from the top: 3^4, then 2^that result, then 1^that result. That is how stacked exponents work, not 4 to 3 to 2 to 1. Since the final step is 1 raised to some result, and 1 raised to any power is always 1, the whole part becomes 1. So we are left with \(4^{3^2}\).
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