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Re: Since the mayors publicity campaign for Greenvilles bus service bega [#permalink]
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KarnaGMAT wrote:
Really doubtful regarding the reasoning for Choice C:

If the road reconstruction are there then it can lead to 2 possibilities :
1) Most of the commuters may take bus as less lanes are available to them for cars.
2) It is also possible that commuters may take the same reduced lanes and could increase the traffic. <Possibility 2 can be ruled out since traffic has decreased has been already mentioned in the statement "morning automobile traffic into the midtown area of the city has decreased seven percent. During the same period, there has been an equivalent rise in the number of persons riding buses into the midtown area">

The dual nature of the Choice , creates a doubt for me. Just because others Choices doesn't weaken and we are left with C as per POE doesn't make sense to choose C. Correct answer should make sense.


The Question stem says weaken the conclusion.

Conclusion: Because of mayor's propaganda, in the last six months, bus riders has increased drastically.

Possible weaken: 1. We can't say the effect happens before the cause here, since after his propaganda only the bus ridership has been increased. Hence the possible weaken here is we should present an alternate reason for the increase in the ridership.


(A) Fares for all bus routes in Greenville have risen an average of five percent during the past six months. <If bus fare has increased, the possibility is that the ridership may decrease. Hence Eliminate.>
(B) The mayor of Greenville rides the bus to City Hall in the city’s midtown area. <Mayor rides in the bus. But it doesn't present the reason why there is a increase in the ridership.>
(C) Road reconstruction has greatly reduced the number of lanes available to commuters in major streets leading to the midtown area during the past six months. <Increase in travel time. So people switched for an alternative. Possible reason. Hold>
(D) The number of buses entering the midtown area of Greenville during the morning hours is exactly the same now as it was one year ago.<Number of bus same. But still the bus riders count is high. Doesn't present any reason or doesn't talk about it. Hence eliminate>
(E) Surveys show that longtime bus riders are no more satisfied with the Greenville bus service than they were before the mayor’s publicity campaign began <But still the riders count is high. Doesn't answer why the riders count is high. Hence eliminate>

C is the only possible weaken that stands.
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Re: Since the mayors publicity campaign for Greenvilles bus service bega [#permalink]
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Argument Evaluation

Situation Traffic into midtown has decreased by 7 percent, and bus ridership has increased by an equivalent amount. The mayor's publicity campaign is responsible for this change.

Reasoning What casts doubt on this conclusion? Another reasonable explanation of what caused the decrease in automobile traffic and the increase in bus ridership would make this
conclusion suspect. Road construction impeding access to midtown over the same period of time is a reasonable alternative explanation. The road construction projects would likely have discouraged people from driving to midtown; many of these people have probably taken the bus.

A An increase in fares might be a reasonable explanation for a decrease in ridership, but not for an increase.

B The mayor's decision to ride the bus sets a good example for citizens, so this would tend to strengthen rather than weaken support for the conclusion.

C Correct. This statement properly identifies an explanation that weakens support for the conclusion.

D If more buses were running, then more seats would be available for people traveling into midtown. Ruling out this scenario helps strengthen, not weaken, support for the conclusion.

E Passengers perceive bus service to be the same, so better service can be eliminated as a possible cause of the increased ridership.

The correct answer is C.
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Re: Since the mayors publicity campaign for Greenvilles bus service bega [#permalink]
Let's first read the question stem - Question is asking us about - most serious doubt on the conclusion - Which means this is a WEAKEN THE ARGUMENT question.

Premise:
1. Mayor's publicity campaign for Greenville's bus service - Lead to decreased automobile traffic into the midtown area by 7%
2. At the same time there has been an equivalent increase in the number of persons riding buses into the middle town

Conclusion:
Mayor's publicity campaign has convinced many people to leave their automobiles at home and ride bus to work.

Assumptions:
There is only one reason for the decrease in automobile traffic and increased number of persons taking bus ride in midtown - And that reason is Mayor's publicity

In order to weaken the argument we need to find any option which can suggest alternate reason why there was in increase in the traffic.

(A) Fares for all bus routes in Greenville have risen an average of five percent during the past six months.
Fares are not discussed in this argument - Hence, this option is IRRELEVANT
(B) The mayor of Greenville rides the bus to City Hall in the city’s midtown area.
Mayor rides the bus, is out of scope as it is never discussed - - Hence, this option is IRRELEVANT too
(C) Road reconstruction has greatly reduced the number of lanes available to commuters in major streets leading to the midtown area during the past six months.
This option provides us with the alternate reason why there is decrease in automobile traffic and increased number of persons taking bus ride in midtown - This is what we are looking for - Lets consider this as possible answer choice and check remaining answer options - C is the CORRECT answer
(D) The number of buses entering the midtown area of Greenville during the morning hours is exactly the same now as it was one year ago.
This option still does not answers our question on why there was decrease in traffic and increased no. of people in bus

(E) Surveys show that longtime bus riders are no more satisfied with the Greenville bus service than they were before the mayor’s publicity campaign began
First of all the passage does not explicitly talks about the longtime riders, further if they are not satisfied with the bus service the number of people taking the bus ride should decrease and not increase
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Re: Since the mayors publicity campaign for Greenvilles bus service bega [#permalink]
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Four Step Process:

1. Weaken
2. Deconstruct argument
Conclusion: Six months ago a campaign -> Leave cars at home. Increase riders on subway
Premise: Project increased riders and reduction in traffic

3. What other catalyst can result in reduced traffic and increased ridership?

4.
A: People still use the bus. Eliminate.
B: Irrelevant. Eliminate.
C: Hold
D: Hold
E: This argument is not about the other city. Eliminate.

Let's look at C and D
C: Six Months
D: A year ago. Can still have increased ridership even if have same number of buses. Eliminate.
Don't fall into a trap by thinking "more riders? we need more buses." That would be an outside assumption.

My selection: Choice C.
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Re: Since the mayors publicity campaign for Greenvilles bus service bega [#permalink]
Type: Weaken

We need to find alternate reason for why the bus riders has increased in the same period.

(A) Fares for all bus routes in Greenville have risen an average of five percent during the past six months - This option does not give information on why the commuters by bus have increased.

(B) The mayor of Greenville rides the bus to City Hall in the city’s midtown area - Irrelevant to our question

(C) Road reconstruction has greatly reduced the number of lanes available to commuters in major streets leading to the midtown area during the past six months - Reduced number of lanes leads to increased traffic and gives us a reason why more people took to bus - Correct choice.

(D) The number of buses entering the midtown area of Greenville during the morning hours is exactly the same now as it was one year ago - Irrelevant to our question

(E) Surveys show that longtime bus riders are no more satisfied with the Greenville bus service than they were before the mayor’s publicity campaign began - Irrelevant to our question

Ans : C
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Re: Since the mayors publicity campaign for Greenvilles bus service bega [#permalink]
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Re: Since the mayors publicity campaign for Greenvilles bus service bega [#permalink]
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