Congenial guests and plentiful supply of good things to eat and drink

Question

Congenial guests and plentiful supply of good things to eat and drink will ensure a successful dinner party. Since Sylvia has prepared more than enough to eat and drink and her guests are all congenial people, her dinner party is certain to be a success.

The pattern of flawed reasoning exhibited by the argument above is most similar to that exhibited by which one of the following?

(A) The right ingredients, properly combined and baked in a reliable oven will always produce a well-baked cake. Since Emily has properly combined the right ingredients, her cake is certain to come out well if she bakes it in a reliable oven.

(B) If corn is baked with its husks on, the resulting dish will always be moist and sweet. Since George wishes to ensure that the corn he plans to serve is moist, he will be certain both to bake it and to leave its husks on.

(C) Making pie dough using ice water and thoroughly chilling the dough before rolling it out will ensure a flaky crust. Andrew thoroughly chilled his pie dough before rolling it out, so since he used ice water in making it, his pie is certain to have a flaky crust.

(D) If soup is made with a well-seasoned meat stock and fresh ingredients, it will always be welcome at dinner. Since to his meat stock Arnold added only very fresh ingredients, the resulting soup is certain to be welcome at dinner.

(E) Fresh greens, carefully washed and served with a light dressing, always produce a refreshing salad. Since Tisha has developed an exceptionally light dressing but never washes her fresh greens, no salad she serves will be a refreshing one.

buckhead · Answer

i would go with 'D'

>> The pattern of flawed reasoning exhibited by the argument above is most similar to that exhibited by which one of the following? 

we are looking for a flaw exhibited in both arguments,

Congenial guests and plentiful supply of good things to eat and drink will ensure a successful dinner party. Since Sylvia has prepared more than enough to eat and drink and her guests are all congenial people, her dinner party is certain to be a success. 

- the flaw is Sylvia has prepared plenty. But are they good ?


D) If soup is made with a well-seasoned meat stock and fresh ingredients, it will always be welcome at dinner. Since to his meat stock Arnold added only very fresh ingredients, the resulting soup is certain to be welcome at dinner.
- the flaw is, did Arnold season his meat stock well ?


i dont see any flaw in C.

ywilfred · Answer

Cogenial guest + Plentiful supply of good food --> successful party
(A+B -> C)
Since sylvia has more than enough to eat and drink + her guests are congenial, her dinner is certain to be a success
(A+D -> C) where D is a subset of B (sylvia's party has lots of food, but we know from the premise that's not what we need. We need a plentiful supply of good food)


The pattern of flawed reasoning exhibited by the argument above is most similar to that exhibited by which one of the following? 

(A) The right ingredients, properly combined and baked in a reliable oven will always produce a well-baked cake. Since Emily has properly combined the right ingredients, her cake is certain to come out well if she bakes it in a reliable oven. 
- Different logic. Do not see a subset of the premise

(B) If corn is baked with its husks on, the resulting dish will always be moist and sweet. Since George wishes to ensure that the corn he plans to serve is moist, he will be certain both to bake it and to leave its husks on. 
- Different logic. Do not see a subset of the premise

(C) Making pie dough using ice water and thoroughly chilling the dough before rolling it out will ensure a flaky crust. Andrew thoroughly chilled his pie dough before rolling it out, so since he used ice water in making it, his pie is certain to have a flaky crust. 
- Different logic. Do not see a subset of the premise

(D) If soup is made with a well-seasoned meat stock and fresh ingredients, it will always be welcome at dinner. Since to his meat stock Arnold added only very fresh ingredients, the resulting soup is certain to be welcome at dinner. 
- Here's the correct answer. Arnold added fresh ingredients, but we know from the premise that's not sufficient. He needs well seasoned meat stock.

(E) Fresh greens, carefully washed and served with a light dressing, always produce a refreshing salad. Since Tisha has developed an exceptionally light dressing but never washes her fresh greens, no salad she serves will be a refreshing one.
- Different logic. Do not see a subset of the premise

D it is.

banerjeea_98 · Answer

Clearly "D"

 stem says:  Congenial guests (X) + plentiful supply of food (Y) + good food (Z)------> good party (T)

Since X and Y are present then T will happen
Flaw ----> missing Z as the condition

"D" || the stem i.e. well seasoned meat (X) + fresh veggies (Y) ---> good dinner.....

Since Y is present then ----> good dinner.....same as stem


In "C" conclusion includes all ingredients required X,Y,Z....may be in different order, but that doesn't matter as per the stem

kumarajeet06 · Answer

Congenial guests and plentiful supply of good things to eat and drink will ensure a successful dinner party. Since Sylvia has prepared more than enough to eat and drink and her guests are all congenial people, her dinner party is certain to be a success. 

 Flaw in the logic is the assumption that sylvia has prepared good things for eating and drinking which can't be ensured as tastes may vary from person to person. 
The pattern of flawed reasoning exhibited by the argument above is most similar to that exhibited by which one of the following? 
(A) The right ingredients, properly combined and baked in a reliable oven will always produce a well-baked cake. Since Emily has properly combined the right ingredients, her cake is certain to come out well if she bakes it in a reliable oven.   logic is not similar as assumption of relaible oven can be ensured 
(B) If corn is baked with its husks on, the resulting dish will always be moist and sweet. Since George wishes to ensure that the corn he plans to serve is moist, he will be certain both to bake it and to leave its husks on.
  logic is not similar as  
(C) Making pie dough using ice water and thoroughly chilling the dough before rolling it out will ensure a flaky crust. Andrew thoroughly chilled his pie dough before rolling it out, so since he used ice water in making it, his pie is certain to have a flaky crust.   logic is not similar as  
(D) If soup is made with a well-seasoned meat stock and fresh ingredients, it will always be welcome at dinner. Since to his meat stock Arnold added only very fresh ingredients, the resulting soup is certain to be welcome at dinner. 
 this is similar as it is not mentioned that arnold's meat stock is well-seasoned 
(E) Fresh greens, carefully washed and served with a light dressing, always produce a refreshing salad. Since Tisha has developed an exceptionally light dressing but never washes her fresh greens, no salad she serves will be a refreshing one. 

  I will go with D as E is also not similar

wudy · Answer

Original question:
 Congenial guests(X)  and  plentiful supply of good things to eat and drink(Y)  will ensure  a successful dinner party(Z) . Since Sylvia has prepared  more than enough to eat and drink(Y')  and  her guests are all congenial people(X) ,  her dinner party is certain to be a success(Z) .
 Reasoning flaw: If X and Y then Z, not if X and Y' then Z, although Y is similar to Y' and Y is a subset of Y'. 

(D) If soup is made with  a well-seasoned meat stock(Y)  and  fresh ingredients(X) , it will  always be welcome at dinner(Z) . Since to his  meat stock(Y')  Arnold added only  very fresh ingredients(X) , the resulting soup is certain  to be welcome at dinner(Z) .
 Reasoning flaw: If X and Y then Z, not if X and Y' then Z, although Y is similar to Y' and Y is a subset of Y'. 

 This is why D is the exact answer.

YangYichen · Answer

is the "good things" and the "well-seasoned" the only reason why we choose D?

broall · Answer

I think these words are not the reason to come to D.

Congenial guests and plentiful supply of good things to eat and drink will ensure a successful dinner party. Since Sylvia has prepared more than enough to eat and drink and her guests are all congenial people, her dinner party is certain to be a success.

The logic here is:

If A (Congenial guests) and B (plentiful supply of good things to eat and drink) then C (a successful dinner party)
The flaw is: If A and D (more than enough to eat and drink) then C

B (plentiful supply of good things to eat and drink) is not the same as D (more than enough to eat and drink).
The flaw is lack of B to come to C.

(A) The right ingredients, properly combined and baked in a reliable oven will always produce a well-baked cake. Since Emily has properly combined the right ingredients, her cake is certain to come out well if she bakes it in a reliable oven.
 There is no flaw in this sentence.
Logic is: If A (properly combined the right ingredients) and B (bake in a reliable oven) then C (produce a well-baked cake)

(B) If corn is baked with its husks on, the resulting dish will always be moist and sweet. Since George wishes to ensure that the corn he plans to serve is moist, he will be certain both to bake it and to leave its husks on.
 There is no flaw in this sentence.
Logic: If A (corn is baked) and B (leave corn with its husks on) then C (moist and sweet)

(C) Making pie dough using ice water and thoroughly chilling the dough before rolling it out will ensure a flaky crust. Andrew thoroughly chilled his pie dough before rolling it out, so since he used ice water in making it, his pie is certain to have a flaky crust.
 Also, there is no flaw here
Logic: if A (using ice water) and B (thoroughly chilling the dough before rolling out) then C (a flaky crust)

Andrew did B, also he had did A ( so since he used ice water in making it ), so the result is certain C.

(D) If soup is made with a well-seasoned meat stock and fresh ingredients, it will always be welcome at dinner. Since to his meat stock Arnold added only very fresh ingredients, the resulting soup is certain to be welcome at dinner.
 Correct one.
Logic: If A (soup is made with a well-seasoned meat stock) and B (soup is made with fresh ingredients) then C (soup will be welcome at dinner).
Arnold did only B, he can't come to C. There is no A, the same flaw as the question.

(E) Fresh greens, carefully washed and served with a light dressing, always produce a refreshing salad. Since Tisha has developed an exceptionally light dressing but never washes her fresh greens, no salad she serves will be a refreshing one.
 There is no flaw here. 
Logic: If A (carefully washed fresh greens) and B (served with a light dressing) then C (produce a refreshing salad)
Tisha did B but A so won't come to C.

KarishmaB · Answer

Responding to a pm: At first read, it doesn't look like there is any flaw in the given argument but the question specifically talks about "flawed reasoning" so notice carefully. Premises: Congenial guests and plentiful supply of good things to eat and drink will ensure a successful dinner party. Sylvia has prepared more than enough to eat and drink and her guests are all congenial people, Conclusion: her dinner party is certain to be a success. For the party to be a success, plenty of GOOD food and congenial guests is sufficient. Sylvia has plenty of food but is it good food (think what if she has plenty of chips and dips only). So we don't know whether her party will be a success because the sufficiency condition is not met. (C) Making pie dough using ice water and thoroughly chilling the dough before rolling it out will ensure a flaky crust. Andrew thoroughly chilled his pie dough before rolling it out, so since he used ice water in making it, his pie is certain to have a flaky crust. Premises: Making pie dough using ice water and thoroughly chilling the dough before rolling it out will ensure a flaky crust. Andrew thoroughly chilled his pie dough before rolling it out, and he used ice water in making it, The sufficiency condition is fully met. The crust will be flaky. No flaw. (D) If soup is made with a well-seasoned meat stock and fresh ingredients, it will always be welcome at dinner. Since to his meat stock Arnold added only very fresh ingredients, the resulting soup is certain to be welcome at dinner. If soup is made with a well-seasoned meat stock and fresh ingredients, it will always be welcome at dinner. To his meat stock Arnold added only very fresh ingredients What about well seasoned? Is the meat stock well seasoned? We don't know. So we cannot say whether the soup will be welcome at dinner. Same flaw as original argument. Answer (D) Mimic Questions discussed here: https://youtu.be/dHU17plF2mc

Congenial guests and plentiful supply of good things to eat and drink

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Congenial guests and plentiful supply of good things to eat and drink

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