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Answer E. See attachement below.
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In a distribution of 850 different measurements, x centimeters is at the 73rd percentile. If there are 68 measurements in the distribution that are greater than y centimeters but less than x centimeters, then y is approximately at what percentile in the distribution?


A. 45th
B. 50th
C. 55th
D. 60th
E. 65th

Since 68/850 = 0.08 = 8%, and there are 68 measurements that are less than x but greater than y, y is in the 73 - 8 = 65th percentile.

Answer: E
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In a distribution of 850 different measurements, x centimeters is at the 73rd percentile.
73% of 850 = 620.5, which is approximately 621
So, we know that approximately 621 measurements are less than x (and the other 229 measurements are greater than x).
We might sketch it as follows:
-------621 measurements----------x------229 measurements


There are 68 measurements in the distribution that are greater than y centimeters but less than x centimeters
We can add this to our sketch as follows:
-------553 measurements-------y----68 measurements----x------229 measurements

Notice that there are 621 measurements less than x, AND there are 68 measurements between y and x.
621 - 68 = 553 .
So, we can conclude that 553 measurements are less than y

y is approximately at what percentile in the distribution?
553 of the 850 measurements are less than y.
553/850 ≈ 65%

Answer: E
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Deconstructing the Question
Total measurements \(N = 850\).
\(x\) is at the 73rd percentile.
There are 68 measurements strictly between \(y\) and \(x\) (where \(y < \text{measurements} < x\)).

Target: Find the approximate percentile of \(y\).

Step 1: Calculate the Percentage Weight of the Gap
We need to find what percentage of the total population corresponds to the 68 measurements between \(y\) and \(x\).

\(\text{Gap Percentage} = \frac{68}{850} \times 100\%\)

Simplify the fraction (both are divisible by 17):
\(68 = 17 \times 4\)
\(850 = 17 \times 50\)

\(\text{Gap Percentage} = \frac{4}{50} \times 100\% = 8\%\).

Step 2: Determine the Percentile of y
Since \(y < x\), the percentile of \(y\) is lower than that of \(x\). The difference is roughly equal to the percentage of values separating them.

\(\text{Percentile}_y = \text{Percentile}_x - \text{Gap Percentage}\)
\(\text{Percentile}_y = 73 - 8 = 65\).

Answer: E
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