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08 Apr 2020, 00:00
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E
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
35%
(medium)
Question Stats:
58% (01:01) correct
42%
(00:59)
wrong
based on 440
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Antibiotics not being invented until the twentieth century, many ancient cultures used specially selected mold and plant extracts in order to treat infections.
A) Antibiotics not being invented
B) Antibiotics had not been invented
C) While antibiotics had not been invented
D) Although antibiotics have not been invented
E) Although antibiotics were not invented
08 Apr 2020, 00:06
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OFFICIAL EXPLANATION
• Split #1: Contrast is required
The two clauses in this sentence present opposing ideas, so we need a contrast word or transition phrase such as although or while.
On the one hand, antibiotics were not formally invented until the twentieth century.
On the other hand, ancient cultures used types of mold to treat infections, a remedy that mimics antibiotics.
Options A and B do not contain any contrast word.
Eliminate A and B
• Split #2: verbs
Option C is incorrect because the past perfect [had + past participle (verbED)], often called "the past of the past," is used to refer to the earlier of two events that occurred in the past.
The twentieth century, though, obviously came after an earlier period ("ancient cultures").
(Option B, already eliminated, has this same verb problem.)
Option D is incorrect because the present perfect (have + past participle) is used to refer to an action that is continuing into the present.
The invention of antibiotics was a one-time occurrence that took place in the past, not an ongoing event.
(Option A's use of being is problematic, but it's easier to eliminate (A) on that basis of poor logical connection between clauses. If you can't decide about "being," hold the option until you read option C and realize that a contrast word is missing from option A.)
The correct answer is E.
Option E
-- correctly uses the transition although to signal the contrasting relationship between the clauses and
-- uses the simple past were to indicate a finished action in the past.
• Notes
Past perfect
By its very nature, the use of past perfect indicates time sequence.
When two events happened in the past and one preceded the other, often we use "past perfect" [had verbED] for the earlier-in-time event.
In order to use past perfect, at least one event must be rendered in simple past tense or marked by a time stamp that identifies it as the later-in-time event.
COMMENTS
These answers range from very good to outstanding. Kudos to all.
Project SC Butler: Sentence Correction (SC1)
Quote:
• Split #1: Contrast is required
The two clauses in this sentence present opposing ideas, so we need a contrast word or transition phrase such as although or while.
On the one hand, antibiotics were not formally invented until the twentieth century.
On the other hand, ancient cultures used types of mold to treat infections, a remedy that mimics antibiotics.
Options A and B do not contain any contrast word.
Eliminate A and B
• Split #2: verbs
Option C is incorrect because the past perfect [had + past participle (verbED)], often called "the past of the past," is used to refer to the earlier of two events that occurred in the past.
The twentieth century, though, obviously came after an earlier period ("ancient cultures").
(Option B, already eliminated, has this same verb problem.)
Option D is incorrect because the present perfect (have + past participle) is used to refer to an action that is continuing into the present.
The invention of antibiotics was a one-time occurrence that took place in the past, not an ongoing event.
(Option A's use of being is problematic, but it's easier to eliminate (A) on that basis of poor logical connection between clauses. If you can't decide about "being," hold the option until you read option C and realize that a contrast word is missing from option A.)
The correct answer is E.
Option E
-- correctly uses the transition although to signal the contrasting relationship between the clauses and
-- uses the simple past were to indicate a finished action in the past.
• Notes
Past perfect
By its very nature, the use of past perfect indicates time sequence.
When two events happened in the past and one preceded the other, often we use "past perfect" [had verbED] for the earlier-in-time event.
In order to use past perfect, at least one event must be rendered in simple past tense or marked by a time stamp that identifies it as the later-in-time event.
COMMENTS
These answers range from very good to outstanding. Kudos to all.
08 Apr 2020, 01:57
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If we will not use a subordinating conjunction here, it will be a run-on sentence. Options A and B are out.
Option C uses past perfect tense, which is wrong as people were using some other science to solve it before the antibiotics... So, the usage of science is an event before the invention.
Option D uses have which truly signifies that antibiotics have been invented and they are still in use. Makes case for present perfect... It's an event which has not stopped. Hence, E is also out with a simple past tense usage.
Option D is the answer as per me.
Posted from my mobile device
Option C uses past perfect tense, which is wrong as people were using some other science to solve it before the antibiotics... So, the usage of science is an event before the invention.
Option D uses have which truly signifies that antibiotics have been invented and they are still in use. Makes case for present perfect... It's an event which has not stopped. Hence, E is also out with a simple past tense usage.
Option D is the answer as per me.
Posted from my mobile device
