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Asked: If two numbers are selected randomly from the first 100 natural numbers, what is the probability that their sum is divisible by 5?

Last digit of sum = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
Since the probability of all last digits are equal in the sum, the probability that their sum is divisible by 5 is when last digits are (0,5} = 2/10 = 1/5

IMO E
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The question should really say if we're making the selections with replacement or without. It doesn't turn out to matter here, but it can for other sets.

If we're selecting with replacement, our first selection doesn't matter. We'll make our second selection from 100 numbers in total, exactly 20 of which will give us a sum divisible by 5 (for example, if we pick a number ending in '2' with our first selection, any of the 20 numbers ending in '3' or '8' will give us a sum divisible by 5). So the answer is 20/100 = 1/5.

If we're selecting without replacement, 4/5 of the time we'll pick a number with a units digit different from '0' or '5'. Then when we make our second selection, we'll be picking from 99 numbers, 20 of which will give us a sum divisible by 5, as above. But 1/5 of the time, we'll pick a number with a units digit of '0' or '5'. Then we've removed one number from the set that would sum with our first selection to produce a multiple of 5, so we have only 19 numbers left out of 99 that will give us a sum divisible by 5. So the answer is (4/5)(20/99) + (1/5)(19/99) = (1/5) * (80 + 19)/99 = 1/5.
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mdhyan2012
If two numbers are selected randomly from the first 100 natural numbers, what is the probability that their sum is divisible by 5?

A. \(\frac{4}{25}\)
B. \(\frac{1}{11}\)
C. \(\frac{1}{20}\)
D. \(\frac{2}{11}\)
E. \(\frac{1}{5}\)

As the question has asked about the sum the possible outcome of the values is 200. and the sum values divisible by 5 is 200/5 = 40 .

So the probability is = 40/200 = 1/5.
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