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IMO ans is A.
Premise 1:AP (Abstract Painting)-> Non representational.
Premise 2: To spur Political Action-> P (Painting) must be comprehensible & show representation of social injustice.

CONCLUSION - AP cannot be POLTICALLY SIGNIFICANT art form.

Working the argument- Critic’s Jump of thought from: AP -> non representation -> cannot show social injustice -> cannot spur political action -> THUS POLITICALLY INSIGNIFICANT.

(A) Abstract painting cannot stimulate people to act. - Irrelevant to the conclusion.

(B) Unless people view representations of social injustice, their political activity is insignificant. - Irrelevant to the conclusion. We need relation between AP & political significance.

(C) Only art that prompts people to counter social injustice is significant art. - Irrelevant to the conclusion drawn by the critic. We need assumption regarding AP political significance. Might be Dicy to eliminate on first go. Let’s continue reading.

(D) Paintings that fail to move a viewer to political action cannot be politically significant. - Yup this is correct.

Now we have working relation between “Cannot be politically significant <- did not move/spur political action <- must be representation (Premise2)<- AP non representational (Premise 1)”.
If we negate the option - “P that fail to move a viewer to political action CAN be politically significant”, then the argument break, becoz then it would be possible for AP to be politically significant.

(E) The interplay of color, texture, and form is not a measure of the worth of representational paintings. - Irrelevant / Out of the scope.

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Hi Experts, I have one doubt in this question.

Here's the process that I followed:
Premise - Abstract art - non-representational.
If social injustice represented -> then spur viewer to action.

Conclusion - Abs painting is not politically significant.

Assumption - Abs art fails to encourage viewers to take action.

Based on this process flow, I selected A. I can probably explain myself that option D is like a counter-positive of one of the premise. But I am still not convinced.

Can you please help me with this problem?
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The conclusion is: "Abstract art can NEVER be a politically significant art form"

The argument also states that: "Abstract paintings are NONREPRESENTATIONAL" and "for a painting to spur the viewer to political action, instances of social injustice must be not only REPRESENTED, but also clearly comprehensible as such"

These two statements create a fact: abstract paintings CANNOT spur the viewer to political action because it doesn't pass the "representational" test.

So from this we know that: Abstract paintings CANNOT spur the viewer to political action but we don't know whether that means the painting can never be a significant art form. The link here is the missing assumption.

Option (D) provides this link by saying that "Paintings that fail to move a viewer to political action cannot be politically significant". Since we know that Abstract paintings CANNOT spur the viewer to political action and that a painting that fails to move a viewer to political action CANNOT be politically significant, then we know that an Abstract Painting can NEVER be a politically significant art form.

As to why (A) is incorrect: (A) does nothing to provide the needed link that a painting that doesn't stimulate people to act isn't politically significant. This is a big leap in logic that (D) provides the link for. Additionally, since we know that Abstract art CANNOT spur the viewer to political action (since it fails the "representational" test, (A) is less an assumption and more restating a fact that the prompt gives us

Make sense?
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Pre-thinking:

Conclusion: Therefore, abstract painting can never be a politically significant art form.

Premise(s) on which conclusion is based:
i) Abstract paintings are nonrepresentational.
ii) For a painting to spur the viewer to political action, instances of social injustice must be not only represented, but also clearly comprehensible as such.

As we can see, there is a clear language shift between the premise and the conclusion. The premise talks about what is needed to "spur the viewer to political action", which abstract paintings cannot do. The conclusion talks about abstract paintings not being "a politically significant art form". Therefore, the assumption must link the two portions in quotes ie; must explain the language shift. Let us examine the answer options.


(A) Abstract painting cannot stimulate people to act. This is not an assumption but is inferable from the stimulus ((i) & (ii) taken together make it necessary for this option to be true). Eliminate.

(B) Unless people view representations of social injustice, their political activity is insignificant. The stimulus does not talk about "significant" or "insignificant" political action at all, but whether abstract art can be politically significant. Irrelevant. Eliminate.

(C) Only art that prompts people to counter social injustice is significant art. The stimulus and conclusion talk about "politically significant art", not the much broader "significant art" that this option talks about. Out of scope. Eliminate.

(D) Paintings that fail to move a viewer to political action cannot be politically significant. Correct answer. This connects the two aspects which were highlighted in the pre-thinking within quotes.

(E) The interplay of color, texture, and form is not a measure of the worth of representational paintings. The conclusion is not about the "worth" of paintings. Irrelevant. Eliminate.

Hope this helps.
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The art critic's main point is that an "abstract painting can never be a politically significant art form." The reasoning provided is as follows:

1. Abstract paintings are nonrepresentational.
2. The worth of abstract paintings is determined by their interplay of color, texture, and form.
3. For a painting to spur political action, it must represent and be clearly comprehensible as depicting instances of social injustice.

Given these premises, the art critic concludes that abstract painting cannot be politically significant.

Now, what's the gap between these premises and the conclusion?

The gap is in the link between the ability to "spur political action" and being "politically significant." In other words, the art critic assumes that if a painting doesn't spur political action, then it cannot be politically significant.

This gap is bridged by option (D): "Paintings that fail to move a viewer to political action cannot be politically significant." This statement directly links the ability to spur political action with political significance.

In essence, the art critic is arguing:
- Abstract paintings can't depict social injustice in a way that's comprehensible.
- If a painting can't do this, then it can't spur political action.
- If a painting can't spur political action, it can't be politically significant.

Option (D) encapsulates that third point, making it the required assumption for the art critic's argument to be valid.
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