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Please explain the reasoning and main difference between A and B variants
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A is the correct answer. The questions specifically asks for why the store's response to the survey failed to increase store traffic and profits?

A) The survey was not specific enough. - A viable option as the vague nature of the survey may have lead the store to believe that the number of fitting rooms is the main concern of the shoppers, when it may be another factor (more likely the size of the fitting room and comfort). If the survey was more specific - say "comfort of fitting rooms", we would see a different response from the store and presumably an uptick in traffic and profits. We should keep this one.
B) There are other factors important to shoppers, not involving the six factors mentioned, that the survey failed to include. - irrelevant - the question asks specifically for the store's response and its effect, other factors aside from the fitting rooms are irrelevant
C) The store did not create a sufficient number of new fitting rooms. - very unlikely - most likely is that the number of shoppers decreased because they were unhappy with the smaller rooms, so number of rooms is actually detrimental to increasing store traffic and profits
D) Survey respondents were untruthful or mistaken in their answers. - possible, but completely unknown, what reason would shoppers have to be untruthful, or be mistaken in a fairly simple survey? Definitely not the strongest explanation.
E) Not enough people were surveyed. - As we do not know the initial amount of people surveyed, impossible to ascertain whether this was the main factor, definitely not the strongest explanation.

The only viable option is A.
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Understanding the argument - ­
In an attempt to increase store traffic and profits, a department store conducted a survey of shoppers to determine what factors most influence their decisions on where to shop. - Background info. 
Shoppers were asked to rank six factors: product selection, aisle width, customer service, pricing, fitting rooms, and return policy. - Survey details. 
Nearly 70 percent of the shoppers ranked fitting rooms as the number one issue. - Fact.
Therefore, the store doubled its number of fitting rooms by dividing each of its existing fitting rooms in half. - Steps taken by the store. But what's unclear is whether the number of fitting rooms was an issue, the small size an issue, or they don't give the required privacy or anything else. The store assumed that number was an issue and took a well-intended misguided response. 
Within a month of remodeling, store traffic and profits decreased significantly. - unintended result of the action taken. 

The information above most strongly supports which of the following explanations of why the store's response to the survey failed to increase store traffic and profits?

Option Elimination - resolve the paradox. 

A) The survey was not specific enough. - Yes. The survey never highlighted whether the real issues were the number, size, privacy, or something else. 
B) There are other factors important to shoppers that the survey failed to include, not involving the six factors mentioned. - out of scope. We are evaluating the fitting room issue, which was one of the six factors. 
C) The store did not create a sufficient number of new fitting rooms. - opposite. 
D) Survey respondents were untruthful or mistaken in their answers. - Out of scope. 
E) Not enough people were surveyed. - Even if more people were surveyed, the result would not change because the issue of fitting rooms may still be the number 1 issue, but further explanation as to what an issue is in fitting rooms.
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KarishmaB , MartyMurray Can you kindly provide your explanation for this question ?

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MartyMurray
­In an attempt to increase store traffic and profits, a department store conducted a survey of shoppers to determine what factors most influence their decisions on where to shop. Shoppers were asked to rank six factors: product selection, aisle width, customer service, pricing, fitting rooms, and return policy. Nearly 70 percent of the shoppers ranked fitting rooms as the number one issue. Therefore, the store doubled its number of fitting rooms by dividing each of its existing fitting rooms in half. Within a month of remodeling, store traffic and profits decreased significantly.

The passage presents a situation involving a surprising outcome: after the store took steps to address "the number one issue" cited by shoppers, "fitting rooms," traffic and profits decreased.

The information above most strongly supports which of the following explanations of why the store's response to the survey failed to increase store traffic and profits?

This is a Paradox or Best Explains question, and the correct answer will be the one that best explains why the outcome of the remodeling was the opposite of the one expected.

A) The survey was not specific enough.

This choice is interesting.

According to the passage, the factor in the survey that was ranked most important by most shoppers was "fitting rooms."

An issue that we an notice is that "fitting rooms" doesn't indicate much. What does "fitting rooms" mean? Does it mean that shoppers want more fitting rooms? Bigger fitting rooms? Easier access to fitting rooms? More time in fitting rooms? The survey doesn't indicate anything specicifc about fitting rooms.

Then, after the survey was conducted, the store made two changes to fitting rooms with only the information that "fitting rooms" is an important factor: it added fitting rooms and made the fitting rooms smaller.

Of course, it could be that the survey respondents weren't indicating that they like there to be many fitting rooms. Their point could even could have been that they like large fitting rooms, but without such specific information, the store added to and shrank the fitting rooms, a move that backfired.

So, it's logical that the reason for the surprising outcome is that the survey was not specific enough.

Keep.

B) There are other factors important to shoppers, not involving the six factors mentioned, that the survey failed to include.

The only change we know about is the change to the fitting rooms. So, even if other factors are important to shoppers, none of them changed.

So, the fact that other factors are important to shoppers would not explain a decrease in traffic and profits since nothing else changed.

This choice could have explained no change, but it doesn't explain the decrease.

Eliminate.

C) The store did not create a sufficient number of new fitting rooms.

Not creating a sufficient number of new fitting rooms would not explain a decrease in traffic and profits. After all, even creating some new fitting rooms would be an improvement, not a negative. In fact, even if the store did not add enough new fitting rooms to make a noticeable difference in the eyes of shoppers, no differerce would not explain a decrease in traffic and profits.

Eliminate.

D) Survey respondents were untruthful or mistaken in their answers.

The survey asked shoppers to rank factors in order of importance.

So, even if the respondents weren't truthful, they just ranked the factors out of order.

OK, great. So, in that case, fitting rooms are not as important as they said. So, why then would traffic and profits have decreased when the fitting rooms were changed?

In a way, this choice, if true, would deepen the mystery rather than help to explain what occurred.

Eliminate.

E) Not enough people were surveyed.

If not enough people were surveyed, the store may have gotten inaccurate information.

All the same, adding fitting rooms should help rather than hurt business even if fitting rooms are not actually what's most important to most customers.

Eliminate.

Correct answer: A

Thanks for the detailed explanation MartyMurray! I was stuck between A and B and guessed A, looking back now - how I logically make sense of eliminating B is as follows.

B. Supplying an example of an outside factor e.g. Store Lighting - even if we had an additional factor - it would not help us explain WHY did the change in fitting room (Doubling number of rooms & reducing size of rooms) fail to increase profit and traffic.

I think the question stem here is incredibly important, without comprehending it clearly it is tempting to look at B as a viable option. The STEM can be translated from:
- Which of the following explanations of why the store's response to the survey failed to increase store traffic and profits?
>> Why did increasing the number of fitting rooms and reducing the size of fitting rooms fail to increase store traffic and profits?

Let me know if this makes sense. Thanks in advance!
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Thanks for the detailed explanation MartyMurray! I was stuck between A and B and guessed A, looking back now - how I logically make sense of eliminating B is as follows.

B. Supplying an example of an outside factor e.g. Store Lighting - even if we had an additional factor - it would not help us explain WHY did the change in fitting room (Doubling number of rooms & reducing size of rooms) fail to increase profit and traffic.

I think the question stem here is incredibly important, without comprehending it clearly it is tempting to look at B as a viable option. The STEM can be translated from:
- Which of the following explanations of why the store's response to the survey failed to increase store traffic and profits?
>> Why did increasing the number of fitting rooms and reducing the size of fitting rooms fail to increase store traffic and profits?

Let me know if this makes sense. Thanks in advance!
Yes, that reasoning makes complete sense. Nice.
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Whenever an argument involves surveys/studies/research, I try to look for answers that say sample is bad/biased etc.

In this argument, what caught my eye was that since shoppers ranked fitting rooms as #1 issue, the store created more no. of fitting rooms. My first instinct was what if they wanted bigger ones? And then I read the answer choices and (A) seemed to align with my line of thinking.
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