rhyme, you are correct in your observation/research on international students from Asia. China (and any Chinese influenced Asian countries) is the same. EVERYTHING hinges on ONE test. One test to get into high school (yes, high school), one to get into college, one to get into grad school, the list goes on. Each level of the schooling system is there PRIMARILY to prepare you for the next test. There used to even be ONE test to get into good middle schools! Can you imagine elementary school kids in the US studying their butts off for a 1-2 day test just to get into middle school???
I was lucky to have been in a more well rounded middle school in Taiwan, but my cousins and friends weren't so lucky. Pretty much all their "extracurricular" classes like music, sports, woodshop all got replaced by more language, math, history, geography, and other "tested" subjects, beginning from 7th grade (middle school is 7-9th grade). Then after a 7a-6pm school day, they all go to "cram schools" where they learn more test taking techniques to hone their test taking skills. And if you don't get into the TOP schools, you are a disgrace to your family.
Talk about pressure eh? My friends were quite jealous of me because I knew I was going back to the States for high school and thus applying to colleges the "easy" way and never had to study that hard for cram school or any of those crazy tests.
It's basically a culture thing, and because of the increased applications from China and India, it's easy to see why GMAT scores have crept up that much and competition is getting tougher (especially now that both Chinese and Indians are getting better at the essay parts).