Pedro: Unlike cloth diapers, disposable diapers are a threat to the en

Question

Pedro:  Unlike cloth diapers, disposable diapers are a threat to the environment. Sixteen billion disposable diapers are discarded annually, filling up landfills at an alarming rate. So people must stop buying disposable diapers and use cloth diapers.

Maria:  But you forget that cloth diapers must be washed in hot water, which requires energy. Moreover, the resulting wastewater pollutes our rivers. When families use diaper services, diapers must be delivered by fuel-burning trucks that pollute the air and add to traffic congestion.

Maria objects to Pedro's argument by

(A) claiming that Pedro overstates the negative evidence about disposable diapers in the course of his argument in favour of cloth diapers. 
(B) indicating that Pedro draws a hasty conclusion, based on inadequate evidence about cloth diapers. 
(C) pointing out that there is an ambiguous use of the word "disposable" in Pedro's argument 
(D) demonstrating that cloth diapers are a far more serious threat to the environment than disposable diapers are 
(E) suggesting that the economic advantages of cloth diapers outweigh whatever environmental damage they may cause

metallicafan · Answer

Between B and D.
D is out because Maria never mentioned that cloth diapers represents a more serious threat.

hirendhanak · Answer

Pedro: Unlike cloth diapers, disposable diapers are a threat to the environment. Sixteen billion disposable diapers are discarded annually, filling up landfills at an alarming rate. So people must stop buying disposable diapers and use cloth diapers.

Pedro - compares cloth diapers (CD) with disposable diapers (DD) and favours CD while giving disadvantages of DD .

Maria: But you forget that cloth diapers must be washed in hot water, which requires energy. Moreover, the resulting wastewater pollutes our rivers. When families use diaper services, diapers must be delivered by fuel-burning trucks that pollute the air and add to traffic congestion. 
 
Maria : doesnt refer to DD, but gives disadvantages of usage of CD.She doesnt compare effects just mentions abt CD.

Maria objects to Pedro's argument by

(A) claiming that Pedro overstates the negative evidence about disposable diapers in the course of his argument in favour of cloth diapers. =  Pedro doesnt overstate the problem of DD, because he backs up his comments with concrete statistics .
 
(B) indicating that Pedro draws a hasty conclusion, based on inadequate evidence about cloth diapers. ==  conclusion of pedro is based only on the basis of disadvantages of DD and he jumps to a conclusion that CD will be better then DD, but pedro forgets to consider that even CD could hv more or equally distratous effects of its usage too. If X can't work, it doesnt mean Y will work. ( there could be other options also, you cant take decision of Y's working just because X cant work ) 
(C) pointing out that there is an ambiguous use of the word "disposable" in Pedro's argument ===  There is no discussion or revert by maria on arguing abt the definition of "disposable" , she doesnt doubt on the usage of this word 
(D) demonstrating that cloth diapers are a far more serious threat to the environment than disposable diapers are ==  This choice cant be a correct usage because if you analye the argument of Maria, she just mentions why CD are also not good.. she never compares the effects of usage of either CD or DD, she argues with the disadvantages of CD only. 
(E) suggesting that the economic advantages of cloth diapers outweigh whatever environmental damage they may cause ==  There is no discussion on economical values or impact or environmental impact as core issue, the core issue is CD or DD

jamifahad · Answer

I initially chose D. But re-reading the question, B makes sense. Why?

Pedro: Unlike cloth diapers, disposable diapers are a threat to the environment. Sixteen billion disposable diapers are discarded annually, filling up landfills at an alarming rate. So people must stop buying disposable diapers and use cloth diapers.
Maria: But you forget that cloth diapers must be washed in hot water, which requires energy. Moreover, the resulting wastewater pollutes our rivers. When families use diaper services, diapers must be delivered by fuel-burning trucks that pollute the air and add to traffic congestion.

Maria objects to Pedro's argument by

(B) indicating that Pedro draws a hasty conclusion, based on inadequate evidence about cloth diapers.
 Use of word "must" and no mention of cloth diapers clearly show that Pedro has drawn a hasty conclusion about disposable diapers without even finding about cloth diapers.

(D) demonstrating that cloth diapers are a far more serious threat to the environment than disposable diapers are.
 Maria's argument doesn't contain any comparison. She merely mentioned negative impact of cloth diapers.

OA B.

pqhai · Answer

This is Flaw in the reasoning question. One of the most difficult type of CR. Any answer choice that contains new information is incorrect. Use the fact test to eliminate answers.

Stimulus:
Pedro: DD (disposable diapers) --> are threat to the environment. But CD (cloth diapers) are not.
Maria: CD --> washed in hot water --> need energy
Maria: CD --> need trucks to deliver --> pollute the air and add traffic congestion.

Flaw of Pedro's reasoning:  he just talked about DD's threat, but did not mention anything about CD's threats ==> He concluded people must stop buying DD.

(A) claiming that Pedro  overstates  the negative evidence about disposable diapers in the course of his argument in favour of cloth diapers. 
 Wrong. T his is EXAGGERATE answer. The fact that Pedro said is true, he didn't OVERSTATE it.

(B) indicating that Pedro draws a hasty conclusion, based on  inadequate evidence about cloth diapers . 
 Correct.  Pedro did not talk about CD, he just mentioned threat of DD.

(C) pointing out that there is  an ambiguous use of the word "disposable"  in Pedro's argument 
 Wrong.  This is "NEW" Element answer.

(D) demonstrating that  cloth diapers are a far more serious  threat to the environment than disposable diapers are 
 Wrong.  This is OPPOSITE Answer.

(E) suggesting that the  economic advantages  of cloth diapers  outweigh whatever environmental damage  they may cause
 Wrong.  This is "NEW" Element answer.

Hope it helps.

Abhishek009 · Answer

Pedro - Disposable diaper threat to environment , since it is filling up landfills at an alarming rate.

Maria : Clot diaper produces more energy wastage as well as environmental pollution along with other problems.

Maria objects to Pedro's argument by

Finding the point which Maria objects / bases her argument .

(A) claiming that Pedro  overstates the negative  evidence about disposable diapers in the course of his argument in favour of cloth diapers.

Pedro fails to provide any negative evidence , he simply mentions that since Disposable diaper are filling up landfills at an alarming rate people must stop using it.

(B) indicating that Pedro draws a hasty conclusion, based on inadequate evidence about cloth diapers.

Pedro's conclusion is indeed hasty , he fails to justify / explain the effects which might result in , lets keep this option.

(C) pointing out that there is an ambiguous use of the word "disposable" in Pedro's argument

No Maria accepts disposable diapers and presents her point of view opposing use of cloth diapers as suggested by Pedro.

Maria mentions - "....must be washed in hot water.... " which suggests there isn't any ambiguity and she could comprehend unambiguously what Pedro wanted to convey.

(D) demonstrating that cloth diapers are a far more serious threat to the environment  than disposable diapers are

Maria highlights the environmental threat related to use of cloth diapers but she never drew any comparison with Cloth Diapers , hence out..

Had it not been the highlighted part , I would have genuinely chosen (D) as the answer.

(E) suggesting that the  economic advantages of cloth diapers outweigh whatever environmental damage they may cause

Maria neither compared nor did she convey something like this...

Hence IMO (B) is better than (D) , the most close option and I will go with (B)

mvictor · Answer

by POE, I eliminated all but B.
A. nothing to say that pedro is not right
B. looks good
C. nothing close to that
D. which one is more serious threat - not discussed
E. economic advantages are not discussed, so no.

Skywalker18 · Answer

Pedro:  Unlike cloth diapers, disposable diapers are a threat to the environment. Sixteen billion disposable diapers are discarded annually, filling up landfills at an alarming rate. So people must stop buying disposable diapers and use cloth diapers. 
 
Maria:  But you forget that cloth diapers must be washed in hot water, which requires energy. Moreover, the resulting wastewater pollutes our rivers. When families use diaper services, diapers must be delivered by fuel-burning trucks that pollute the air and add to traffic congestion.

With this argument, Pedro offers several facts about the negative impact of disposable diapers to support his conclusion that people must stop buying them and switch to cloth diapers.

Maria points out the negative environmental impact of cloth diapers. Notice that she does not state that she disagrees with his conclusion. Perhaps she agrees but she feels his argument is incomplete.
 
Maria objects to Pedro's argument by

(A) claiming that Pedro overstates the negative evidence about disposable diapers in the course of his argument in favour of cloth diapers. -- Incorrect - Maria DOES NOT discuss disposable diapers

(B) indicating that Pedro draws a hasty conclusion, based on inadequate evidence about cloth diapers. - Correct - she points out that Pedro has forgotten certain evidence about cloth diapers being detrimental to the environment

(C) pointing out that there is an ambiguous use of the word "disposable" in Pedro's argument - Incorrect - there's no discussion of disposable diapers, and definitely no discussion of the word "disposable."

(D) demonstrating that cloth diapers are a far more serious threat to the environment than disposable diapers are - Incorrect

(E) suggesting that the economic advantages of cloth diapers outweigh whatever environmental damage they may cause - Incorrect

Answer B

RiyaJ0032 · Answer

Pedro has forgotten the evidence does not mean that he draws a conclusion about DD based on 'inadequate evidence' of CD

it's just that he does not consider evidence for CD in drawing his conclusion

does not mean the evidence is inadequate

the option could have been better framed

but nonetheless, is the better out of the remaining ones

Pedro: Unlike cloth diapers, disposable diapers are a threat to the en

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GMAT Critical Reasoning (CR) Questions

Pedro: Unlike cloth diapers, disposable diapers are a threat to the en

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