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kalravaibhav
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I think its E. What is the correct OA ?
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IMO ans is E.

The flaw is incorrect comparison
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kalravaibhav
American society has been accused of fostering discrimination that oppresses the least powerful members of the culture. But this accusation could be applied to all societies. Throughout the world, human beings have engaged in discrimination. When examined objectively, even the most idealistic societies have discriminated between just and unjust, right and wrong, privileged and underprivileged in order to create a society that offers the best opportunities to all its citizens.

Which one of the following is a flaw in the argument?
A The claim that discrimination is practiced throughout societies is not actually pertinent to the argument.
B No statistics are cited to establish that more societies engage in discrimination than do not.
C The argument implies that discrimination is unique to American society.
D The argument does not consider theories that have proposed the creation of egalitarian societies.
E The argument uses two different meanings of the word “discrimination”.

Hey Guys,

Can you please help me solve this question. Please answer with a proper and detailed explanation. I got this question from Princeton Review online drills and cannot make any sense of their explanation.

Thanks a ton!!!

IMO (E)
A The claim that discrimination is practiced throughout societies is not actually pertinent to the argument. It is pertinent...Incorrcet
B No statistics are cited to establish that more societies engage in discrimination than do not.Are they actually Required? Out of scope-Incorrect
C The argument implies that discrimination is unique to American society. "But this accusation could be applied to all societies". -Its talking about other societies as well..opposes the argument-Incorrect
D The argument does not consider theories that have proposed the creation of egalitarian societies.-Out of scope-Incorrect

so (E)...American society has been accused of fostering discrimination that oppresses the least powerful members of the culture
most idealistic societies have discriminated between just and unjust, right and wrong, privileged and underprivileged - The highlited portions show the two meanings of discriination...

Whats the OA?
Please correct me if I am wrong...
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What's the argument doing?

Someone accuses American society of "discrimination" (meaning: oppressing certain groups unfairly).

The argument defends by saying: "But ALL societies discriminate! They distinguish between right and wrong, just and unjust."

The sneaky flaw?

The word "discrimination" is being used in TWO different ways:

1. First meaning (the accusation): Treating people unfairly based on their identity → This is BAD discrimination (prejudice)

2. Second meaning (the defense): Making distinctions between concepts → This is NEUTRAL discrimination (judgment)

Think of it this way:
It's like saying: "You accused me of being a killer? Well, I killed time yesterday, and everyone kills time. So what's the big deal?"

See how ridiculous that sounds? Same trick here.

Why E is correct:
The argument shifts the meaning of "discrimination" mid-argument to make the defense seem valid. That's the flaw.

Answer: E

Why others are wrong:
(A) The universal claim IS pertinent to the defense - it's the core of the argument
(B) No statistics are needed for this type of logical argument
(C) Opposite - the argument says discrimination is everywhere, NOT unique to America
(D) Discussing egalitarian theories isn't required here

Hope this helps!
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