Last visit was: 24 Apr 2026, 16:20 It is currently 24 Apr 2026, 16:20
Close
GMAT Club Daily Prep
Thank you for using the timer - this advanced tool can estimate your performance and suggest more practice questions. We have subscribed you to Daily Prep Questions via email.

Customized
for You

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History

Track
Your Progress

every week, we’ll send you an estimated GMAT score based on your performance

Practice
Pays

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History
Not interested in getting valuable practice questions and articles delivered to your email? No problem, unsubscribe here.
Close
Request Expert Reply
Confirm Cancel
User avatar
AshutoshB
Joined: 07 Dec 2017
Last visit: 16 Jan 2022
Posts: 322
Own Kudos:
2,320
 [12]
Given Kudos: 348
GMAT 1: 650 Q50 V28
GMAT 2: 720 Q49 V40
Products:
GMAT 2: 720 Q49 V40
Posts: 322
Kudos: 2,320
 [12]
Kudos
Add Kudos
11
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
User avatar
Tashin Azad
Joined: 15 Sep 2017
Last visit: 17 Apr 2020
Posts: 20
Own Kudos:
51
 [1]
Given Kudos: 67
Location: United States (IL)
GPA: 3.4
Products:
Posts: 20
Kudos: 51
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
avatar
honey1
Joined: 25 Sep 2020
Last visit: 12 May 2021
Posts: 51
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 76
Posts: 51
Kudos: 6
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
avatar
AndrewN
avatar
Volunteer Expert
Joined: 16 May 2019
Last visit: 29 Mar 2025
Posts: 3,490
Own Kudos:
7,664
 [4]
Given Kudos: 500
Expert
Expert reply
Posts: 3,490
Kudos: 7,664
 [4]
4
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
honey1
can you please explain why b and c are not the answer
i hope you will help me
thanks
Hello, honey1. I would be happy to help out. If you think (B) is an irrefutable statement because it perfectly parallels the second line of the passage, then you are correct. Choice (C), meanwhile, takes that same line and cobbles it together with the last line, such that companies involved in those activities from the second line now create, add, and contribute in certain ways. How to choose between the two? The good news is that neither one is the answer to the question being asked, which has us identify the conclusion instead. We can identify that conclusion by an indirect process by paying attention to the transition after all. This transition indicates that a reason, formally called a premise, or multiple premises, will follow. If we have premises after the transition, then what precedes it must be the conclusion itself. Consider the following example:

a) It is highly unlikely that humans, of their own efforts, will make direct contact with intelligent, intergalactic alien life forms. After all, the nearest galaxy to the Milky Way is approximately 25,000 light years away, and the resources required to sustain human life aboard even the most technologically advanced human-made spacecraft would be far too great.

Notice that there are two premises—distance and resources—just as there are in the passage we are examining. If you were to remove the transition and reposition the first sentence so that it followed what is now the second sentence, you would create a perfect premise-conclusion argument. This is exactly how we can reinterpret the passage at hand:

AshutoshB
After all, The design, production, testing, and marketing of new technology has itself become a growing industry that is turning around the fortunes of once-ailing communities. The companies involved create jobs, add to the tax base, and contribute to an upbeat spirit of renewal. [Therefore], technology is radically improving the quality of life in some communities, and not only by direct application of innovations.

Choice (A) is exactly what we want, and the transition, as discussed above, offers us the tell-tale sign we need to feel sure of our answer.

AshutoshB
(A) The direct application of innovations is not the only way in which technology is radically improving the quality of life in some communities.

I hope that helps. If you have further questions, feel free to ask. Good luck with your studies.

- Andrew
avatar
honey1
Joined: 25 Sep 2020
Last visit: 12 May 2021
Posts: 51
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 76
Posts: 51
Kudos: 6
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
AndrewN
honey1
can you please explain why b and c are not the answer
i hope you will help me
thanks
Hello, honey1. I would be happy to help out. If you think (B) is an irrefutable statement because it perfectly parallels the second line of the passage, then you are correct. Choice (C), meanwhile, takes that same line and cobbles it together with the last line, such that companies involved in those activities from the second line now create, add, and contribute in certain ways. How to choose between the two? The good news is that neither one is the answer to the question being asked, which has us identify the conclusion instead. We can identify that conclusion by an indirect process by paying attention to the transition after all. This transition indicates that a reason, formally called a premise, or multiple premises, will follow. If we have premises after the transition, then what precedes it must be the conclusion itself. Consider the following example:

a) It is highly unlikely that humans, of their own efforts, will make direct contact with intelligent, intergalactic alien life forms. After all, the nearest galaxy to the Milky Way is approximately 25,000 light years away, and the resources required to sustain human life aboard even the most technologically advanced human-made spacecraft would be far too great.

Notice that there are two premises—distance and resources—just as there are in the passage we are examining. If you were to remove the transition and reposition the first sentence so that it followed what is now the second sentence, you would create a perfect premise-conclusion argument. This is exactly how we can reinterpret the passage at hand:

AshutoshB
After all, The design, production, testing, and marketing of new technology has itself become a growing industry that is turning around the fortunes of once-ailing communities. The companies involved create jobs, add to the tax base, and contribute to an upbeat spirit of renewal. [Therefore], technology is radically improving the quality of life in some communities, and not only by direct application of innovations.

Choice (A) is exactly what we want, and the transition, as discussed above, offers us the tell-tale sign we need to feel sure of our answer.

AshutoshB
(A) The direct application of innovations is not the only way in which technology is radically improving the quality of life in some communities.

I hope that helps. If you have further questions, feel free to ask. Good luck with your studies.

- Andrew


thanks
i got this but i have a doubt that whether i can regard all sentences starting with "after all" as premises. can i assume this as a rule ????
avatar
AndrewN
avatar
Volunteer Expert
Joined: 16 May 2019
Last visit: 29 Mar 2025
Posts: 3,490
Own Kudos:
7,664
 [2]
Given Kudos: 500
Expert
Expert reply
Posts: 3,490
Kudos: 7,664
 [2]
2
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
honey1
thanks
i got this but i have a doubt that whether i can regard all sentences starting with "after all" as premises. can i assume this as a rule ????
Careful, honey1. Words such as all, when combined with rule, lead into dangerous territory. You should look instead to contextual clues for guidance, and if I were to tell you to create a rule, I am sure some clever person would find a way to throw a monkey-wrench into that rule. Think of this as a general convention of grammar. Yes, after all typically indicates that a premise or multiple premises will follow. My best advice for these sorts of CR questions (actually, this one is a logical reasoning question from the LSAT, so it is a bit different) is to pay attention to transitions in general. They often reveal how you are meant to interpret one sentence in relation to another. If you want further practice along these lines, I would suggest taking on a few boldface questions to get the hang of it.

Good luck.

- Andrew
User avatar
GMATGuruNY
Joined: 04 Aug 2010
Last visit: 02 Apr 2026
Posts: 1,347
Own Kudos:
3,905
 [3]
Given Kudos: 9
Schools:Dartmouth College
Expert
Expert reply
Posts: 1,347
Kudos: 3,905
 [3]
2
Kudos
Add Kudos
1
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
To confirm whether you have correctly identified the conclusion, apply the WHY TEST:
1. Ask why the apparent conclusion is true
2. The rest of the argument should provide an answer

AshutoshB
Technology is radically improving the quality of life in some communities, and not only by direct application of innovations. After all, the design, production, testing, and marketing of new technology has itself become a growing industry that is turning around the fortunes of once-ailing communities. The companies involved create jobs, add to the tax base, and contribute to an upbeat spirit of renewal.

Which one of the following most accurately expresses the conclusion drawn by the argument as a whole?

(A) The direct application of innovations is not the only way in which technology is radically improving the quality of life in some communities.

(B) The design, production, testing, and marketing of new technology has itself become a growing industry that is turning around the fortunes of once-ailing communities.

(C) Companies involved in the design, production, testing, and marketing of new technology create jobs, add to the tax base, and contribute to an upbeat spirit of renewal.

(D) Either the creation or the direct application of technological innovations is radically improving the quality of life in most communities.

(E) The only ways in which technology is radically improving the quality of life in some communities are by creating jobs, adding to the tax base, and contributing to an upbeat spirit of renewal.


LSAT

Here, the conclusion appears to be the green statement above:
Technology is radically improving the quality of life in some communities, and not only by direct application of innovations.

Applying the WHY TEST to the statement in green, we get:
WHY is it true that technology is radically improving the quality of life in some communities, and not only by direct application of innovations?

The rest of the argument -- highlighted in red above -- provides an answer:
Because the design, production, testing, and marketing of new technology has itself become a growing industry that is turning around the fortunes of once-ailing communities and the companies involved create jobs, add to the tax base, and contribute to an upbeat spirit of renewal.

The statement in green passes the WHY TEST and thus is the conclusion.

Only option A offers a valid paraphrase of the statement in green:
A: The direct application of innovations is not the only way in which technology is radically improving the quality of life in some communities.

User avatar
VerbalBot
User avatar
Non-Human User
Joined: 01 Oct 2013
Last visit: 04 Jan 2021
Posts: 19,424
Own Kudos:
Posts: 19,424
Kudos: 1,010
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Automated notice from GMAT Club VerbalBot:

A member just gave Kudos to this thread, showing it’s still useful. I’ve bumped it to the top so more people can benefit. Feel free to add your own questions or solutions.

This post was generated automatically.
Moderators:
GMAT Club Verbal Expert
7391 posts
504 posts
358 posts