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22 Jul 2020, 04:52
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E
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
55%
(hard)
Question Stats:
64% (02:27) correct
36%
(02:34)
wrong
based on 451
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Mathematicians typically formulate their greatest contributions to the field before their thirtieth birthday. Many experts who study math’s best practitioners believe that this occurs because aging impairs, rather than enhances, the creativity and strict logical thinking that are required to create new theorems. A recent study, however, demonstrates that nearly all mathematicians who reached their professional peak after their thirtieth birthday began studying mathematics at a much older age than their peers. Because of their atypical genius, many mathematicians are fast-tracked through academia and begin their professional studies five to ten years earlier than normal. As a result, this study suggests that age is less predictive than is tenure in determining whether a mathematician over thirty may contribute greatly to the field.
In the argument above, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
(A) The first is a theory that is questioned by the argument; the second is new evidence used to support that theory.
(B) The first is a theory that the argument opposes; the second is an objection raised against the alternative theory advocated by the argument.
(C) The first is an opinion advanced in support of a position; the second is new evidence that clarifies that position.
(D) The first is a theory advocated by the argument; the second is new evidence used to question that theory.
(E) The first is a theory that the argument questions; the second is new evidence on which that question is based.
In the argument above, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
(A) The first is a theory that is questioned by the argument; the second is new evidence used to support that theory.
(B) The first is a theory that the argument opposes; the second is an objection raised against the alternative theory advocated by the argument.
(C) The first is an opinion advanced in support of a position; the second is new evidence that clarifies that position.
(D) The first is a theory advocated by the argument; the second is new evidence used to question that theory.
(E) The first is a theory that the argument questions; the second is new evidence on which that question is based.
22 Jul 2020, 08:53
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Kaplan's Explanation -
Identify the Question Type: The words “portions in boldface” indicate that this as a Bolded Statement question.
The answer will describe the roles of the two bolded statements in the argument.
Untangle the Stimulus: Untangle the stimulus in a Bolded Statement question by identifying the purpose of every sentence in the stimulus. This will make it easier to predict the purpose of the two statements asked about.
Here, the first sentence describes a phenomenon.
The second sentence, which contains the first bolded portion, describes one possible theory for this phenomenon, as indicated by the keyword “because.”
The third sentence, which contains the second bolded portion, contradicts that theory, as indicated by the keyword, “however.”
The bolded portion doesn't offer a new theory; instead, it describes some observed evidence. The next sentence provides more evidence, and then the final sentence ultimately presents an alternative theory supported by the evidence previously presented, as indicated by the words, "as a result, this study suggests."
Predict the Answer: The first bolded portion is the theory that the author disagrees with. The second bolded portion is evidence to support the author's alternative theory.
Evaluate the Choices: (E) is a great match for the prediction and is correct. The first statement is indeed a theory that the author questions, and the second statement is evidence to support the author's "question," or argument against that theory.
(A) is wrong because the second boldface statement does not provide evidence for the first theory.
(B), like (A), starts correctly but breaks down in the second part. The second statement supports, not objects to, the alternative theory.
(C) is wrong because the second bolded portion does not clarify the first theory, it supports an contradictory theory.
(D) is incorrect because the argument ultimately rejects, rather than “advocates,” the theory in the first boldface statement.
TAKEAWAY: Predicting the answer on a Bolded Statement question will be very helpful when working through the choices. The best way to come up with a prediction is to identify the purpose of each sentence in the stimulus.
Identify the Question Type: The words “portions in boldface” indicate that this as a Bolded Statement question.
The answer will describe the roles of the two bolded statements in the argument.
Untangle the Stimulus: Untangle the stimulus in a Bolded Statement question by identifying the purpose of every sentence in the stimulus. This will make it easier to predict the purpose of the two statements asked about.
Here, the first sentence describes a phenomenon.
The second sentence, which contains the first bolded portion, describes one possible theory for this phenomenon, as indicated by the keyword “because.”
The third sentence, which contains the second bolded portion, contradicts that theory, as indicated by the keyword, “however.”
The bolded portion doesn't offer a new theory; instead, it describes some observed evidence. The next sentence provides more evidence, and then the final sentence ultimately presents an alternative theory supported by the evidence previously presented, as indicated by the words, "as a result, this study suggests."
Predict the Answer: The first bolded portion is the theory that the author disagrees with. The second bolded portion is evidence to support the author's alternative theory.
Evaluate the Choices: (E) is a great match for the prediction and is correct. The first statement is indeed a theory that the author questions, and the second statement is evidence to support the author's "question," or argument against that theory.
(A) is wrong because the second boldface statement does not provide evidence for the first theory.
(B), like (A), starts correctly but breaks down in the second part. The second statement supports, not objects to, the alternative theory.
(C) is wrong because the second bolded portion does not clarify the first theory, it supports an contradictory theory.
(D) is incorrect because the argument ultimately rejects, rather than “advocates,” the theory in the first boldface statement.
TAKEAWAY: Predicting the answer on a Bolded Statement question will be very helpful when working through the choices. The best way to come up with a prediction is to identify the purpose of each sentence in the stimulus.
