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20 Sep 2021, 08:00
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D
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
25%
(medium)
Question Stats:
77% (01:41) correct
23%
(01:54)
wrong
based on 314
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
In order to maintain a high standard of living, a nation must maintain a functioning infrastructure. Major investment in the improvement of its infrastructure will, over time, reward a nation with a corresponding rise in its standard of living. Hence a nation whose standard of living is on the rise can be safely assumed to be a nation that has invested heavily in improving its infrastructure.
The reasoning in the argument is flawed because the argument fails to take into account that
(A) a nation that fails to invest in its infrastructure need not experience any resulting decline in its standard of living
(B) many nations are unable to make the needed investments in infrastructure
(C) the rise in a nation’s standard of living that is prompted by investment in its infrastructure may take a long time to occur
(D) a rise in a nation’s standard of living need not be the result of major investments in its infrastructure
(E) nations often experience short-term crises that require that resources be diverted to purposes other than the maintenance and improvement of infrastructure
The reasoning in the argument is flawed because the argument fails to take into account that
(A) a nation that fails to invest in its infrastructure need not experience any resulting decline in its standard of living
(B) many nations are unable to make the needed investments in infrastructure
(C) the rise in a nation’s standard of living that is prompted by investment in its infrastructure may take a long time to occur
(D) a rise in a nation’s standard of living need not be the result of major investments in its infrastructure
(E) nations often experience short-term crises that require that resources be diverted to purposes other than the maintenance and improvement of infrastructure
25 Sep 2021, 08:00
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Bunuel
EXPLANATION FROM Fox LSAT
The flaw in this argument is a confusion between a necessary condition and a sufficient one. The first sentence says that maintaining a functioning infrastructure is necessary to maintaining a high standard of living. (So if you don’t maintain your infrastructure you can’t have a high standard of living.) The second sentence says that major investment in infrastructure is sufficient to raise the standard of living. (So if you don’t raise your standard of living, you didn’t do major investment in your infrastructure.) The conclusion says if your standard of living is on the rise, then you have invested heavily in infrastructure. But heavy investment was only one way to raise your standard of living. It was sufficient (it works), not necessary (other things might also work).
A) The argument says nothing about decline.
B) This is sad, but isn’t relevant.
C) “Take a long time” — so what?
D) Yep, exactly. This is our answer, because the argument assumes that major investment is the only way to make your standard of living rise, which confused a sufficient with a necessary condition.
E) Short-term crises are irrelevant.
The best answer is D. It’s critical that you answer this question in advance. If you didn’t notice the blatant sufficient/necessary error before looking at the answer choices, you were probably screwed.
General Discussion
20 Sep 2021, 09:50
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This is for my own learning, but all suggestions/inputs are welcome 
In order to maintain a high standard of living, a nation must maintain a functioning infrastructure. Major investment in the improvement of its infrastructure will, over time, reward a nation with a corresponding rise in its standard of living. Hence a nation whose standard of living is on the rise can be safely assumed to be a nation that has invested heavily in improving its infrastructure.
The reasoning in the argument is flawed because the argument fails to take into account that
(A) a nation that fails to invest in its infrastructure need not experience any resulting decline in its standard of living : no mention of any decline, eliminate A.
(B) many nations are unable to make the needed investments in infrastructure : lack of funds/investments is not mentioned, eliminate B.
(C) the rise in a nation’s standard of living that is prompted by investment in its infrastructure may take a long time to occur : seems to go against the claim here, doesn't attack the conclusion. Eliminate C.
(D) a rise in a nation’s standard of living need not be the result of major investments in its infrastructure : Correct, suggests major investment isn't the only way to improve standard of living.
(E) nations often experience short-term crises that require that resources be diverted to purposes other than the maintenance and improvement of infrastructure : out of scope, eliminate D.
In order to maintain a high standard of living, a nation must maintain a functioning infrastructure. Major investment in the improvement of its infrastructure will, over time, reward a nation with a corresponding rise in its standard of living. Hence a nation whose standard of living is on the rise can be safely assumed to be a nation that has invested heavily in improving its infrastructure.
The reasoning in the argument is flawed because the argument fails to take into account that
(A) a nation that fails to invest in its infrastructure need not experience any resulting decline in its standard of living : no mention of any decline, eliminate A.
(B) many nations are unable to make the needed investments in infrastructure : lack of funds/investments is not mentioned, eliminate B.
(C) the rise in a nation’s standard of living that is prompted by investment in its infrastructure may take a long time to occur : seems to go against the claim here, doesn't attack the conclusion. Eliminate C.
(D) a rise in a nation’s standard of living need not be the result of major investments in its infrastructure : Correct, suggests major investment isn't the only way to improve standard of living.
(E) nations often experience short-term crises that require that resources be diverted to purposes other than the maintenance and improvement of infrastructure : out of scope, eliminate D.
