Bunuel
It is characteristic of great artists generally, and of great writers in particular, to have a discerning view of the basic social and political arrangements of the society in which they live. Therefore, the greater a writer one is, the more astute one will be in perceiving the basic social and political arrangements of one’s society.
Which one of the following most accurately describes a flaw in the reasoning above?
(A) It assumes, without providing justification, that members of a group that is part of a larger group possess all of the characteristics possessed by members of the larger group.
(B) It assumes, without providing justification, that because something is sometimes the case it must always be the case.
(C) It assumes, without providing justification, that those artists with political insight do not have insight into matters outside of politics.
(D) It assumes, without providing justification, that only great individuals can make discerning criticisms of their societies.
(E) It assumes, without providing justification, that because people who have one quality tend to have a second quality, those who have more of the first quality will have more of the second.
EXPLANATION FROM Fox LSAT
This is going to be easy, because it’s a fairly common flaw on the LSAT. It’s basically, “All A are B, so if you’re
more A, then you’re
more B.” That’s not always true. Example: “Drinking whiskey is fun, so the more whiskey you drink, the more fun you’ll have”? Well, for me that’s true until about Jameson number five or maybe six. At a certain point the fun-meter actually starts to go the other way. Jameson number 15, for example, would certainly not be as fun as Jameson number three; actually, it would be zero fun. Another example: “Some rain is good for a golf course, so more rain is always more good for a golf course.” Nah. It’s true that without some water, all golf courses would dry up and disappear. But with too much water, the golf course would be submerged, and would also disappear. Okay, I think you get the point.
The question tells us there’s a flaw, which we are fortunate enough to have already identified.
Important: If you haven’t already identified the flaw in the argument, when the question tells you there is a flaw, you damn well better figure out what that flaw is before looking at the answer choices. The answer choices are going to describe a wide range of flaws, and you need to be really sure what you’re looking for if you want to have any chance.
A) No, this would be the answer if the argument had said, “The cast of
Dancing with the Stars is, overall, good at dancing. Therefore Ron Artest / Metta World Peace and Martina Navratilova (the first cast members to be kicked off in two recent seasons) are also good at dancing.” That’s certainly flawed, but it’s not the same flaw.
B) This is closer, but this isn’t what we’re looking for. This would be the answer if the argument had said, “Because my grandma won a $400 jackpot at a quarter slot machine last year, I am guaranteed to win money this weekend in Vegas.” Very stupid, but we’re looking for the same stupid.
C) Nah. The argument makes no claim about what other insights these artists and writers may or may not have.
D) No, the argument doesn’t make any claim about what kind of discerning criticisms non-great people may or may not be able to make.
E) Yeah, exactly. Jameson is fun, but more Jameson isn’t always more fun.
Our answer is E.