Bunuel
To be considered for this year’s Perfect Student Scholarship, a student needs to have received an Ain every class, and to have achieved a perfect attendance record for this year. Torrey is the only student in this school who has received As in all of her classes, but she has been absent three times this year.
The claims above, if true, most strongly support which of the following conclusions?
(A) No student at this school has perfect attendance for the year.
(B) Some students at this school who did not earn all As also did not achieve perfect attendance this year.
(C) Torrey is the only student at this school who has some chance of being considered for the Perfect Student Scholarship this year.
(D) Every student at this school will be precluded from consideration for the Perfect Student Scholarship this year.
(E) Many students at this school have achieved perfect attendance for the year but have also received grades below an A.
OFFICIAL EXPLANATION
Answer choice (A): The very first word—“No”—should be a red flag. Although many absolute modifiers are used by the author, the stimulus does not support for the assertion that no student has perfect attendance this year. In fact, we are given information about the attendance record of only one student in the school—Torrey. Therefore the stimulus provides no basis for choosing this answer.
Answer choice (B): Although the language used here (“some”) is not absolute, this choice is wrong for roughly the same reason that answer choice (A) is incorrect: The author provides no information about the attendance records of the other students at the school, so there is nothing in the stimulus to prove or disprove this answer choice. Do not forget the Fact Test—it will eliminate any answer choice without support.
Answer choice (C): Much like incorrect answer choice (B), this incorrect choice uses soft language (“some chance”) in an effort to deceive. Based on the requirements discussed in the stimulus, Torrey meets one of two criteria.
Although Torrey has earned all A’s in her classes, her three absences mean that she has not achieved perfect attendance. Thus, sadly Torrey has no chance of being considered for the scholarship this year.
Answer choice (D): This is the correct answer choice. We can follow the chain of connections in the stimulus to prove this answer: To be considered for the scholarship, students need all A’s and perfect attendance. Torrey is the only student in the school with all A’s, so we already know that everyone else in the school is now ineligible. But, Torrey does not have a perfect attendance record, so she cannot win this year either. From the two statements, we can thus conclude that no one in the school is eligible, which is essentially what answer choice (D) says.
Answer choice (E): Nothing in the passage proves this answer choice. Although the author provides that all other students earned less than perfect grades (since Torrey is the only student with all A’s), the stimulus offers no information regarding the attendance records for the rest of the student body, so there is no way to determine whether many (or any) of the other students achieved perfect attendance.
The lesson from this question is simple: read closely and pay strict attention to the modifiers used by the author. Even though you must read quickly, the test makers expect you to know exactly what was said, and they will include answer choices specifically designed to test whether you understood the details.