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18 Oct 2021, 06:09
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Difficulty:
35%
(medium)
Question Stats:
72% (02:04) correct
28%
(02:07)
wrong
based on 525
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
After being subjected to clinical tests like those used to evaluate the effectiveness of prescription drugs, a popular nonprescription herbal remedy was found to be as effective in treating painful joints as is a certain prescription drug that has been used successfully to treat this condition. The manufacturer of the herbal remedy cited the test results as proof that chemical agents are unnecessary for the successful treatment of painful joints.
The test results would provide the proof that the manufacturer claims they do if which one of the following is assumed?
(A) People are likely to switch from using prescription drugs to using herbal remedies if the herbal remedies are found to be as effective as the prescription drugs.
(B) The herbal remedy contains no chemical agents that are effective in treating painful joints.
(C) None of the people who participated in the test of the prescription drug had ever tried using an herbal remedy to treat painful joints.
(D) The researchers who analyzed the results of the clinical testing of the herbal remedy had also analyzed the results of the clinical testing of the prescription drug.
(E) The prescription drug treats the discomfort associated with painful joints without eliminating the cause of that condition.
The test results would provide the proof that the manufacturer claims they do if which one of the following is assumed?
(A) People are likely to switch from using prescription drugs to using herbal remedies if the herbal remedies are found to be as effective as the prescription drugs.
(B) The herbal remedy contains no chemical agents that are effective in treating painful joints.
(C) None of the people who participated in the test of the prescription drug had ever tried using an herbal remedy to treat painful joints.
(D) The researchers who analyzed the results of the clinical testing of the herbal remedy had also analyzed the results of the clinical testing of the prescription drug.
(E) The prescription drug treats the discomfort associated with painful joints without eliminating the cause of that condition.
23 Oct 2021, 03:30
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Bunuel
EXPLANATION FROM POWER SCORE
Because the nonprescription herbal remedy was as effective in treating painful joints as the prescription drug, the manufacturer concluded that chemical agents are unnecessary for the successful treatment of painful joints. As with the majority of arguments whose conclusions we are asked to justify, there is a significant logical gap between the premises and the conclusion. In this instance, the idea of a "chemical agent" was first introduced in the conclusion, making the entire argument quite weak. To expedite the sorting of answer choices into contenders and losers, remember that the correct answer to a Justify the Conclusion question must address the rogue elements in the conclusion, if they exist. In short, the correct answer in this question must address the element of "chemical agent" and guarantee that the herbal remedy contains no such agents.
Answer choice (A): The increased likelihood of people switching from the prescription to the nonprescription medication does not prove that chemical agents are unnecessary for the treatment of painful joints. This answer choice is incorrect.
Answer choice (B): This is the correct answer choice. Let's apply the Justify formula: the correct answer, when added to the premises, must prove the conclusion. Indeed, if the remedy contains no chemical agents and was found to be just as effective in treating painful joints as the prescription medication, then chemical agents are unnecessary for the treatment of painful joints.
Answer choice (C): It is irrelevant whether the people in the test of the prescription drug ever used the herbal remedy. This neither strengthens nor weakens the manufacturer's conclusion.
Answer choice (D): It is neither necessary not sufficient for the conclusion that the researchers who analyzed the results of the testing of the herbal remedy be the same as those who analyzed the results of the clinical testing of the prescription drug.
Answer choice (E): If the prescription drug fails to eliminate the cause of the condition, this might provide some support to the idea that the herbal remedy is a better bet. However, we have no information regarding whether the herbal remedy is any more effective in eliminating the cause of painful joints than the prescription medication. Furthermore, the manufacturer does not go so far as to suggest that the remedy is a more effective treatment of painful joints: she merely points out that such treatment requires no chemical agents to be effective. This answer choice is incorrect.
06 Nov 2021, 12:15
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Bunuel
EXPLANATION FROM Fox LSAT
This is a pretty common pattern on the LSAT: the logic of an argument starts off sound, but then goes off the rails at the very last minute in the conclusion. It was working for a while there: the herbal remedy was subjected to the same clinical trials as prescription drugs, and was found to work just as well as a certain prescription drug that has been used successfully to treat the condition. At this point, if the conclusion had said, “Therefore prescription drugs are unnecessary for the successful treatment of painful joints,” we would have been forced to agree. But that’s not what the conclusion said. Instead, the conclusion said, “Chemical agents are unnecessary for the successful treatment of painful joints.” Good thing we noticed that little bit of sleight of hand, because if we had missed it, we would have been in trouble.
We’re asked to “provide proof” for the manufacturer’s claims, which is a Sufficient Assumption question. We need to provide an additional premise that connects the facts to the conclusion. Since there’s a huge hole between “herbal remedy” and “no chemical agents,” I’m sure that the correct answer has to bridge that gap. If it’s true that the herbal remedy contains no chemical agents, then we would be forced to agree with the conclusion. So that’s a good prediction.
A) No, whether or not people would actually switch is irrelevant. The conclusion was, “Chemical agents are unnecessary.” What people would or would not choose doesn’t affect that conclusion.
B) Pretty damn good. This answer bridges the gap that we needed to bridge. Let’s just give the rest of the answers a courtesy scan.
C) This doesn’t bridge the gap to “chemical agents,” therefore it can’t be the answer.
D) This doesn’t bridge the gap to “chemical agents,” therefore it can’t be the answer.
E) This doesn’t bridge the gap to “chemical agents,” therefore it can’t be the answer.
Our answer is B, because it’s the only one that would address the hole in the logic and force us to agree with the conclusion.
