Very powerful volcanic eruptions send large amounts of ash high into the atmosphere, blocking sunlight and causing abnormally cold temperatures for a year or more after the eruption. In 44 B.C. there was a powerful eruption of Mount Etna in Sicily. In the following year, Chinese historians recorded summer frosts and dimmed sunlight in China, thousands of miles east of Sicily. If these phenomena were caused by volcanic ash in the atmosphere, then the ash sent into the atmosphere by Mount Etna’s eruption must have spread over great distances.
In evaluating the support given for the conclusion advanced in the last sentence of the passage, it would be most important to determine whether
Mount Etna's eruption is the cause of summer frosts and dimmed sunlight in China. Following possibilities exist:
1. The intensity of ash was equivalent to what it would have been in Sicily i.e. thousand miles away as well.
2. No further eruption occurred.
3. No volcanic eruption was there nearby China.
(A)
modern monitoring equipment can detect the precise path of volcanic ash in the atmosphere - WRONG.
(B) the abnormal weather in China lasted for a full year or longer - WRONG. Irrelevant.
(C) temperatures in Sicily were abnormally cold after Mount Etna erupted - WRONG. Need to know about the link between Etna eruption to China.
(D) there were any volcanic eruptions near China around the time of Mount Etna’s eruption - CORRECT. This is what we are looking. Although the options need some editing as i see.
(E) subsequent eruptions of Mount Etna were as powerful as the one in 44 B.C. - WRONG. Looks good but what were the time gaps when those subsequent eruption occurred.
Answer D.