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06 Feb 2022, 04:19
Kudos
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D
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
45%
(medium)
Question Stats:
70% (02:01) correct
30%
(02:20)
wrong
based on 774
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
The symptoms of hepatitis A appear no earlier than 60 days after a person has been infected. In a test of a hepatitis A vaccine, 50 people received the vaccine and 50 people received a harmless placebo. Although some people from each group eventually exhibited symptoms of hepatitis A, the vaccine as used in the test is completely effective in preventing infection with the hepatitis A virus.
Which one of the following, if true, most helps resolve the apparent discrepancy in the information above?
(A) The placebo did not produce any side effects that resembled any of the symptoms of hepatitis A.
(B) More members of the group that had received the placebo recognized their symptoms as symptoms of hepatitis A than did members of the group that had received the vaccine.
(C) The people who received the placebo were in better overall physical condition than were the people who received the vaccine.
(D) The vaccinated people who exhibited symptoms of hepatitis A were infected with the hepatitis A virus before being vaccinated.
(E) Of the people who developed symptoms of hepatitis A, those who received the vaccine recovered more quickly, on average, than those who did not.
Which one of the following, if true, most helps resolve the apparent discrepancy in the information above?
(A) The placebo did not produce any side effects that resembled any of the symptoms of hepatitis A.
(B) More members of the group that had received the placebo recognized their symptoms as symptoms of hepatitis A than did members of the group that had received the vaccine.
(C) The people who received the placebo were in better overall physical condition than were the people who received the vaccine.
(D) The vaccinated people who exhibited symptoms of hepatitis A were infected with the hepatitis A virus before being vaccinated.
(E) Of the people who developed symptoms of hepatitis A, those who received the vaccine recovered more quickly, on average, than those who did not.
04 Mar 2022, 10:44
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trulyness
To be able to resolve the discrepancy, we first need to make the call regarding what the discrepancy actually is.
We're given that there are two groups of people. One group has been given the vaccine for hepatitis and the other harmless placebo. Now, some people in both groups suffered from hepatitis yet the argument concludes that the vaccine is completely effective.
So, the discrepancy is that some of the people in the group that was given the vaccine were infected yet the vaccine is effective. The discrepancy will not have anything to do with the group that was given the placebo as those people didn't take the vaccine in the first place, so it has no bearing on the conclusion drawn in the argument. If this logic is clear, we can easily answer the question.
A. Incorrect. Since the group that was given the placebo has no bearing on the conclusion, this option is irrelevant.
B. Incorrect. Again irrelevant argument. Whether more people in the group that was given the placebo recognized the symptoms has no bearing on the argument. We don't care at all about how many people could recognize the symptoms.
C. Incorrect. Again irrelevant. It doesn't matter if the people who received the placebo were in a better physical condition. This still doesn't help explain why some people in the group that was given the vaccine still exhibited symptoms of hepatitis.
D. Correct! This option clearly gives us a reason to believe that the vaccine was effective despite some people exhibiting the symptoms of hepatitis. This helps resolve the paradox.
E. Incorrect. Again irrelevant. The recovery rates of the patients have no bearing on the conclusion.
This makes option D a clear winner.
Hope this helps!
02 Apr 2025, 00:59
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Hi experts KarishmaB GMATNinja MartyMurray
I understood the discrepancy in a wrong way, I took it as: why the vaccine is completely effective in preventing infection unlike placebo despite some people from each group eventually exhibited symptoms of hepatitis A. I selected option D with the reasoning that if those people vaccinated people who showed symptoms were already infected then it helps resolve the discrepancy that the vaccine is completely effective, it's like you already had a disease and then took a medicine, and discovered symptoms later.
Please let me know if something is wrong here even if we understand the discrepancy in other way.
I understood my mistake but wanted to avoid any pitfall here by confirming.
I understood the discrepancy in a wrong way, I took it as: why the vaccine is completely effective in preventing infection unlike placebo despite some people from each group eventually exhibited symptoms of hepatitis A. I selected option D with the reasoning that if those people vaccinated people who showed symptoms were already infected then it helps resolve the discrepancy that the vaccine is completely effective, it's like you already had a disease and then took a medicine, and discovered symptoms later.
Please let me know if something is wrong here even if we understand the discrepancy in other way.
I understood my mistake but wanted to avoid any pitfall here by confirming.
