Even though the terms taste aversion and taste avoidance are sometimes used interchangeably, there exists enough evidence to conclude that these two phenomena are likely not always related to each other. Research shows that taste aversion occurs when the consumption of a substance is followed by an unpleasant physical experience, normally nausea, but that no following repulsive or discomforting experience is necessary for the establishment of taste avoidance. Moreover, treatments that alleviate or prevent nausea do not impact the development or expression of taste avoidance, but they interfere with both the establishment and expression of taste aversion.
Which of the following statements can be concluded on the basis of the information given in the above passage?
A. The consumption of the food item is the cause of the following nausea that leads to the development of taste aversion.
B. The definitions of taste avoidance and taste aversion need to be revised to facilitate a clearer understanding of the concepts.
C. The development of taste aversion is faster for new food items that generate an unpleasant reaction on their first-time consumption than for nausea- causing foods that have been previously consumed without any unpleasant physical response.
D. The establishment or expression of taste aversion cannot be accompanied by the development of expression of taste avoidance.
E. If a nausea-preventing medicine is administered in the time between the consumption of food and the following nausea, chances are that the development of taste aversion will be hindered.