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78% (01:47) correct
22%
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Recent archaeological findings suggest that an ancient civilization developed an irrigation system that significantly boosted their agricultural productivity. Proponents of this theory argue that the increased food supply allowed the civilization to support a larger population, which in turn led to advancements in various fields, such as science and art. Therefore, it can be concluded that the development of the irrigation system was the primary factor behind this civilization's rapid progress during that period.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
(A) The same archaeological findings also reveal evidence of trade routes connecting this ancient civilization to other prosperous civilizations at that time.
(B) The construction materials used in building the irrigation system were not native to the region and were likely imported from distant lands.
(C) A significant portion of the population was involved in agriculture, as indicated by tools and artifacts found at multiple excavation sites.
(D) A majority of advancements in science and art occurred before the construction of the irrigation system, according to carbon dating analysis.
(E) The civilization's rapid progress during that period coincided with a decline in warfare and internal conflict among its people.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
(A) The same archaeological findings also reveal evidence of trade routes connecting this ancient civilization to other prosperous civilizations at that time.
(B) The construction materials used in building the irrigation system were not native to the region and were likely imported from distant lands.
(C) A significant portion of the population was involved in agriculture, as indicated by tools and artifacts found at multiple excavation sites.
(D) A majority of advancements in science and art occurred before the construction of the irrigation system, according to carbon dating analysis.
(E) The civilization's rapid progress during that period coincided with a decline in warfare and internal conflict among its people.
24 Jun 2023, 23:18
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Recent archaeological findings suggest that an ancient civilization developed an irrigation system that significantly boosted their agricultural productivity. Proponents of this theory argue that the increased food supply allowed the civilization to support a larger population, which in turn led to advancements in various fields, such as science and art. Therefore, it can be concluded that the development of the irrigation system was the primary factor behind this civilization's rapid progress during that period.
Conclusion: Irrigation System's implementation (cause) --> Rapid progress in civilization (effect)
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
Q-stem analysis - We need to look for an answer which weakens the fact that irrigation system was the reason for rapid growth.
(A) The same archaeological findings also reveal evidence of trade routes connecting this ancient civilization to other prosperous civilizations at that time.
Incorrect. Does not give a reason why irrigation was not helpful.
(B) The construction materials used in building the irrigation system were not native to the region and were likely imported from distant lands.
Incorrect. Mild strengthener. Says how irrigation was implemented but does not weaken conclusion.
(C) A significant portion of the population was involved in agriculture, as indicated by tools and artifacts found at multiple excavation sites.
Incorrect. Strengthener. Given added support to conclusion by saying people were in fact into agriculture and mostly the new system must have helped
(D) A majority of advancements in science and art occurred before the construction of the irrigation system, according to carbon dating analysis.
Correct. This reverses the relationship by telling us that the advancement happened before irrigation and not after. Here the cause of the advancement was INFACT NOT irrigation and hence this weakens.
(E) The civilization's rapid progress during that period coincided with a decline in warfare and internal conflict among its people.
Incorrect. Again does not given reason why irrigation did not help. The conflict must have gone down but how does that relate to progress in civilization?
Conclusion: Irrigation System's implementation (cause) --> Rapid progress in civilization (effect)
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
Q-stem analysis - We need to look for an answer which weakens the fact that irrigation system was the reason for rapid growth.
(A) The same archaeological findings also reveal evidence of trade routes connecting this ancient civilization to other prosperous civilizations at that time.
Incorrect. Does not give a reason why irrigation was not helpful.
(B) The construction materials used in building the irrigation system were not native to the region and were likely imported from distant lands.
Incorrect. Mild strengthener. Says how irrigation was implemented but does not weaken conclusion.
(C) A significant portion of the population was involved in agriculture, as indicated by tools and artifacts found at multiple excavation sites.
Incorrect. Strengthener. Given added support to conclusion by saying people were in fact into agriculture and mostly the new system must have helped
(D) A majority of advancements in science and art occurred before the construction of the irrigation system, according to carbon dating analysis.
Correct. This reverses the relationship by telling us that the advancement happened before irrigation and not after. Here the cause of the advancement was INFACT NOT irrigation and hence this weakens.
(E) The civilization's rapid progress during that period coincided with a decline in warfare and internal conflict among its people.
Incorrect. Again does not given reason why irrigation did not help. The conflict must have gone down but how does that relate to progress in civilization?
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