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30 Jun 2024, 07:31
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E
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Difficulty:
45%
(medium)
Question Stats:
70% (01:58) correct
30%
(02:13)
wrong
based on 212
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Researchers have found that a particular dietary supplement, when taken daily, can significantly reduce the risk of developing heart disease. In a recent study, participants who took the supplement regularly for a year were 25% less likely to develop heart disease compared to those who did not take the supplement. However, some critics argue that the study's findings are inconclusive because the participants who took the supplement were also more likely to engage in other heart-healthy behaviors, such as exercising regularly and maintaining a balanced diet.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the argument that the dietary supplement itself is effective in reducing the risk of heart disease?
A) The study controlled for variables such as age, gender, and family history of heart disease among the participants.
B) Participants who took the supplement had similar rates of heart disease as those in the general population who did not take the supplement.
C) A separate study found that the dietary supplement had no significant side effects when taken over a long period.
D) The participants who took the supplement were found to have lower levels of cholesterol and blood pressure compared to the control group.
E) The researchers conducted a follow-up study in which participants were randomly assigned to take the supplement or a placebo, and those who took the supplement showed a similar reduction in heart disease risk.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the argument that the dietary supplement itself is effective in reducing the risk of heart disease?
A) The study controlled for variables such as age, gender, and family history of heart disease among the participants.
B) Participants who took the supplement had similar rates of heart disease as those in the general population who did not take the supplement.
C) A separate study found that the dietary supplement had no significant side effects when taken over a long period.
D) The participants who took the supplement were found to have lower levels of cholesterol and blood pressure compared to the control group.
E) The researchers conducted a follow-up study in which participants were randomly assigned to take the supplement or a placebo, and those who took the supplement showed a similar reduction in heart disease risk.
30 Jun 2024, 07:33
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Explanation:
To strengthen the argument that the dietary supplement itself is effective in reducing the risk of heart disease, we need evidence that isolates the effect of the supplement from other variables that might influence the outcome.
A) Controlling for variables such as age, gender, and family history helps ensure that these factors do not confound the results, but it does not address the critics' concern about other heart-healthy behaviors.
B) If participants who took the supplement had similar rates of heart disease as those in the general population who did not take the supplement, this would actually weaken the argument.
C) Information about side effects does not address the effectiveness of the supplement in reducing heart disease risk.
D) Lower levels of cholesterol and blood pressure are related to heart disease risk but do not directly address the critics' concern about other heart-healthy behaviors influencing the results.
E) Conducting a follow-up study with random assignment to the supplement or placebo groups directly addresses the concern about other variables influencing the outcome. This random assignment helps ensure that any observed differences in heart disease risk can be attributed to the supplement itself, thereby strengthening the argument.
Thus, the evidence provided in option E most effectively strengthens the argument that the dietary supplement is effective in reducing the risk of heart disease.
To strengthen the argument that the dietary supplement itself is effective in reducing the risk of heart disease, we need evidence that isolates the effect of the supplement from other variables that might influence the outcome.
A) Controlling for variables such as age, gender, and family history helps ensure that these factors do not confound the results, but it does not address the critics' concern about other heart-healthy behaviors.
B) If participants who took the supplement had similar rates of heart disease as those in the general population who did not take the supplement, this would actually weaken the argument.
C) Information about side effects does not address the effectiveness of the supplement in reducing heart disease risk.
D) Lower levels of cholesterol and blood pressure are related to heart disease risk but do not directly address the critics' concern about other heart-healthy behaviors influencing the results.
E) Conducting a follow-up study with random assignment to the supplement or placebo groups directly addresses the concern about other variables influencing the outcome. This random assignment helps ensure that any observed differences in heart disease risk can be attributed to the supplement itself, thereby strengthening the argument.
Thus, the evidence provided in option E most effectively strengthens the argument that the dietary supplement is effective in reducing the risk of heart disease.
16 Feb 2026, 11:47
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