kingbucky
Fraenger's assertion that the artist Hieronymus Bosch belonged to the Brethren of the Free Spirit, a nonmainstream religious group, is unlikely to be correct. Fraenger's hypothesis explains much of Bosch's unusual subject matter. However, there is evidence that Bosch was a member of a mainstream church, and no evidence that he was a member of the Brethren.
The statement that there is no evidence that Bosch was a member of the Brethren figures in the argument in which one of the following ways?
(A) It is a premise that, when combined with the other premises, guarantees the falsity of Fraenger's assertion.
(B) It is used to support the claim that Bosch was a member of a mainstream church.
(C) It is used to dispute Fraenger's hypothesis by questioning Fraenger's credibility.
(D) It is intended to cast doubt on Fraenger's hypothesis by questioning the sufficiency of Fraenger's evidence.
(E) It is intended to help show that Bosch's choice of subject matter remains unexplained.
(A) It is a premise that, when combined with the other premises, guarantees the falsity of Fraenger's assertion.This option suggests that the statement about the lack of evidence for Bosch's membership in the Brethren is a key premise that, together with other premises, directly proves Fraenger's assertion to be false. However, the lack of evidence about Bosch's membership in the Brethren does not, on its own, necessarily prove that Fraenger's assertion is false. It only casts doubt on it. To guarantee falsity, a direct contradiction or proof would be needed, which is not provided here.
(B) It is used to support the claim that Bosch was a member of a mainstream church.This option is incorrect because the statement about the lack of evidence regarding Bosch's membership in the Brethren does not support the claim that he was a member of a mainstream church. The absence of evidence for one claim (membership in the Brethren) does not automatically support another claim (membership in a mainstream church) without additional evidence or reasoning.
(C) It is used to dispute Fraenger's hypothesis by questioning Fraenger's credibility.This option is incorrect because the statement does not specifically question Fraenger's credibility. Instead, it challenges the sufficiency of the evidence that Fraenger presents. It’s more about the adequacy of the evidence for Fraenger’s hypothesis rather than questioning his personal credibility or integrity.
(D) It is intended to cast doubt on Fraenger's hypothesis by questioning the sufficiency of Fraenger's evidence.This option is correct because the statement highlights the lack of evidence for Bosch's membership in the Brethren, which questions the sufficiency of Fraenger's evidence for his hypothesis. By pointing out that there is no evidence for this claim, the argument suggests that Fraenger’s hypothesis might not be well-supported, thus casting doubt on it.
(E) It is intended to help show that Bosch's choice of subject matter remains unexplained.This option is incorrect because the statement about the lack of evidence for Bosch's membership in the Brethren does not directly address the explanation for Bosch's choice of subject matter. It primarily serves to question the validity of Fraenger’s specific hypothesis rather than addressing the overall explanation for Bosch’s artistic choices.
In summary, the best fit is (D) because it focuses on the role of the evidence in evaluating the validity of Fraenger's hypothesis.