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Bunuel
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The argument suggests that because no one person in an oligarchy has the power to make a particular investment, risky investments are never made by oligarchies. To support the conclusion that "risky investments are never made by oligarchies," the argument needs to assume something about the nature of who makes risky investments.
- A) Not all oligarchies are run by families.
This doesn't directly address the reasoning in the argument about risky investments.

- B) The Royal Family in Saudi Arabia has never made a risky investment.
This is too specific and does not generalize to all oligarchies.

- C) Conservative governments rarely make risky investments.
This suggests a tendency but does not guarantee that risky investments are never made.

- D) Only liberal governments make risky investments.
This could imply that since oligarchies are conservative, they would not make risky investments. However, it doesn't directly address the role of individuals versus governments.

- E) Only individuals make risky investments.
If only individuals make risky investments, and no individual in an oligarchy has the power to make a particular investment, then oligarchies as a whole would not make risky investments. This assumption directly supports the conclusion.

Correct Answer: E) Only individuals make risky investments.

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Bunuel
­An oligarchy is a government run by a small, conservative faction. Often, oligarchies consist of families such as the Royal Family in Saudi Arabia. Like the Royal Family in Saudi Arabia, no one person in an oligarchy has the power to make a particular investment. Therefore, risky investments are never made by oligarchies.

The conclusion of the argument is valid if which one of the following is assumed?

A) Not all oligarchies are fun by families.
B) The Royal Family in Saudi Arabia has never made a risky investment.
C) Conservative governments rarely make risky investments.
D) Only liberal governments make risky investments.
E) Only individuals make risky investments.
­

Official Explanation



If risky investments are never made by oligarchies because no one person has the power to make a particular investment, then it must be the case that only individuals make risky investments. The answer is (E).­
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