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18 Nov 2024, 01:30
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E
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
35%
(medium)
Question Stats:
73% (01:37) correct
27%
(01:57)
wrong
based on 147
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Lito: The island of Kauai features a number of one-lane bridges that are potentially very dangerous. Kauai has recently seen a rise in the number of tourists visiting the island, and most tourists are not familiar with navigating the one-lane bridges. Over the last year, the number of car accidents has increased, and most of these accidents have occurred at the one-lane bridges. These bridges need to be widened to accommodate tourists and prevent future accidents.
Miteki: Kauai has a traditional commitment to environmental integrity. The one-lane bridges were installed to minimize the impact on the island environment. To widen the one-lane bridges could have a dangerous effect on the native plant and animal life.
As a response to Lito’s argument, Miteki’s comment is flawed because she
(A) relies on faulty information to support her argument
(B) uses circular reasoning to make her main points
(C) focuses on a minor issue instead of a more important one
(D) responds to a supporting point instead of a main point
(E) fails to address the substance of Lito’s claim by making a secondary argument
Miteki: Kauai has a traditional commitment to environmental integrity. The one-lane bridges were installed to minimize the impact on the island environment. To widen the one-lane bridges could have a dangerous effect on the native plant and animal life.
As a response to Lito’s argument, Miteki’s comment is flawed because she
(A) relies on faulty information to support her argument
(B) uses circular reasoning to make her main points
(C) focuses on a minor issue instead of a more important one
(D) responds to a supporting point instead of a main point
(E) fails to address the substance of Lito’s claim by making a secondary argument
18 Nov 2024, 10:58
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The correct answer is (E): Miteki fails to address the substance of Lito's claim by making a secondary argument.
Lito's point (Conclusion): Increase safety by widening these bridges to prevent future accidents.
Evidence: One-lane bridges causes increasing number of car accidents
Miteki's response: Environmental preservation => One-lane bridges were originally installed to minimize environmental impact.
Miteki's response does not directly refute or address Lito's primary concern about traffic safety. Instead, it brings a new point into the argument about environmental integrity.
(A) Relies on faulty information to support her argument
Miteki doesn’t use incorrect or faulty information. Her environmental concern is valid, even if irrelevant. Incorrect.
(B) Uses circular reasoning to make her main points
Circular reasoning involves using the conclusion as a premise, but Miteki provides separate reasons (environmental integrity and potential harm to wildlife) to support her argument. Incorrect.
(C) Focuses on a minor issue instead of a more important one
How do we decide which issue is a minor and major one? Environmental impact is simply not relevant to the safety-focused argument Lito makes. Incorrect.
(D) Responds to a supporting point instead of a main point
Miteki doesn’t address a supporting point from Lito; she introduces an unrelated issue (environmental harm). Incorrect.
(E) Fails to address the substance of Lito’s claim by making a secondary argument
This correctly identifies the flaw. Miteki ignores Lito’s central claim about safety and the need to prevent accidents, instead focusing on environmental concerns, which are secondary to the argument. Correct.
Therefore, option (E) is the answer.
Lito's point (Conclusion): Increase safety by widening these bridges to prevent future accidents.
Evidence: One-lane bridges causes increasing number of car accidents
Miteki's response: Environmental preservation => One-lane bridges were originally installed to minimize environmental impact.
Miteki's response does not directly refute or address Lito's primary concern about traffic safety. Instead, it brings a new point into the argument about environmental integrity.
(A) Relies on faulty information to support her argument
Miteki doesn’t use incorrect or faulty information. Her environmental concern is valid, even if irrelevant. Incorrect.
(B) Uses circular reasoning to make her main points
Circular reasoning involves using the conclusion as a premise, but Miteki provides separate reasons (environmental integrity and potential harm to wildlife) to support her argument. Incorrect.
(C) Focuses on a minor issue instead of a more important one
How do we decide which issue is a minor and major one? Environmental impact is simply not relevant to the safety-focused argument Lito makes. Incorrect.
(D) Responds to a supporting point instead of a main point
Miteki doesn’t address a supporting point from Lito; she introduces an unrelated issue (environmental harm). Incorrect.
(E) Fails to address the substance of Lito’s claim by making a secondary argument
This correctly identifies the flaw. Miteki ignores Lito’s central claim about safety and the need to prevent accidents, instead focusing on environmental concerns, which are secondary to the argument. Correct.
Therefore, option (E) is the answer.
01 Dec 2024, 09:45
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Bunuel
OFFICIAL EXPLANATION
Overview:
Question 5 records a conversation between Lito and Miteki, with Lito making an argument about an action she believes needs to be taken and Miteki responding to that argument. Specifically, Lito notes that the one-lane bridges on the island of Kauai have become dangerous due to the increase of tourist traffic and argues that the bridges should be widened. Miteki rebuts with a comment that Kauai is committed to protecting the plant and animal life on the island and that widening the bridges could endanger these plants and animals. The question asks the reader to identify the flaw in Miteki’s response.
The Correct Answer:
E In her response, Miteki ignores the substance of Lito’s argument – the potential danger from the one-lane bridges and the need to widen them – and instead tries to redirect the conversation toward a related but different topic, specifically the environmental impact of widening the bridges. Thus, answer choice (E) correctly evaluates the flaw in Miteki’s response: she fails to address the core of Lito’s comments and instead develops a secondary argument.
The Incorrect Answers:
A The conversation does not discuss the accuracy of the information in either Lito’s argument or Miteki’s, so there is no way to know whether Miteki is relying on faulty information. Answer choice (A) may be eliminated immediately.
B Although Miteki’s response does indeed fail to address the substance of Lito’s argument, her mistake is not that of circular reasoning, so answer choice (B) may also be eliminated immediately.
C There is no suggestion in the conversation that either topic is more important than the other, so the judgment that the substance of Miteki’s response is less important than Lito’s cannot be inferred from the conversation. Moreover, such a judgment does not address the flaw in Miteki’s reasoning, so answer choice (C) cannot be correct.
D Miteki responds to Lito by picking up on one element of his argument – the one-lane bridges – and then developing an unrelated argument of her own. She does not, however, develop any of Lito’s supporting claims (i.e., that the number of accidents has increased, that there are more tourists in Kauai), so answer choice (D) is incorrect.
