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07 Jan 2025, 01:30
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A
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Difficulty:
15%
(low)
Question Stats:
85% (01:33) correct
15%
(01:27)
wrong
based on 221
sessions
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According to the theory of continental drift, in prehistoric times, many of today’s separate continents were part of a single huge landmass. As the plates on which this landmass rested began to move, the mass broke apart, and ocean water filled the newly created chasms. It is hypothesized, for example, that South America was once joined on its east coast with what is now the west coast of Africa.
Which one of the following discoveries, if it were made, would most support the above hypothesis about South America and Africa?
A. A large band of ancient rock of a rare type along the east coast of South America is of the same type as a band on the west coast of Africa.
B. Many people today living in Brazil are genetically quite similar to many western Africans.
C. The climates of western Africa and of the east coast of South America resemble each other.
D. Some of the oldest tribes of people living in eastern South America speak languages linguistically similar to various languages spoken by certain western African peoples.
E. Several species of plants found in western Africa closely resemble plants growing in South America.
Which one of the following discoveries, if it were made, would most support the above hypothesis about South America and Africa?
A. A large band of ancient rock of a rare type along the east coast of South America is of the same type as a band on the west coast of Africa.
B. Many people today living in Brazil are genetically quite similar to many western Africans.
C. The climates of western Africa and of the east coast of South America resemble each other.
D. Some of the oldest tribes of people living in eastern South America speak languages linguistically similar to various languages spoken by certain western African peoples.
E. Several species of plants found in western Africa closely resemble plants growing in South America.
07 Jan 2025, 04:50
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Bunuel
Which one of the following discoveries, if it were made, would most support the above hypothesis about South America and Africa?
A. A large band of ancient rock of a rare type along the east coast of South America is of the same type as a band on the west coast of Africa. This gives the most valid evidence to the hypothesis mentioned in the argument which could mean that both were part of the same landmass at some point in the past.
B. Many people today living in Brazil are genetically quite similar to many western Africans. This could have happened if the people migrated for other reasons at some point in the past.
C. The climates of western Africa and of the east coast of South America resemble each other. This mostly depends on the latitude and longitude of the region and multiple regions have similar climates in spite of them not sharing boundaries in the past
D. Some of the oldest tribes of people living in eastern South America speak languages linguistically similar to various languages spoken by certain western African peoples. Certain people refers to a small subset, indicating that the situation could have arisen from multiple possible causes.
E. Several species of plants found in western Africa closely resemble plants growing in South America. The same reasoning applies here as it does for people, and even natural elements like air and water could have contributed to this, regardless of their past proximity.
IMO: A
01 Feb 2025, 10:15
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Bunuel
OFFICIAL EXPLANATION
The theory discussed in the stimulus is a real scientific hypothesis, often called the “Pangaea Theory.” Alfred Wegener, who has been the subject of other LSAT questions, theorized in 1915 that Pangaea was a “supercontinent” composed of all landmasses. The theory is attractive because when the shape of today’s continents is examined, the continents roughly fit together.
The question stem specifically asks you to strengthen the hypothesis that South America and Africa were once joined. To do so, you must identify evidence about the landmasses, as this is the evidence that the hypothesis in the stimulus relies upon.
Answer choice (A): This is the correct answer, and this is the only answer that addresses the land. By tying the rock strata of each continent together, the answer supports the idea that there was once a physical connection between the two continents. A high percentage of test takers correctly identify this answer.
Answer choice (B): This answer addresses people, not land. As with the earlier turtle question, the genetic similarity could be the result of humans from different areas sharing a large amount of DNA.
Answer choice (C): The similarity of climates does not help establish that the landmasses were once connected. For example, the similarity could be the result of both continents largely straddling the equator.
Answer choice (D): The language of the people does not mean the continents were connected. Australians and Americans share the same language, but this is because both areas were populated in modern times by English-speaking people from Britain.
Answer choice (E): The resemblance of plants in both areas does not suggest or strengthen the idea that the continents were joined. Plant similarities could be the result of climate, or perhaps of man-made propagation efforts.
