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20 Apr 2025, 09:41
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D
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
25%
(medium)
Question Stats:
79% (01:34) correct
21%
(01:55)
wrong
based on 107
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
If one is to participate in the regional band, one must practice very hard or be very talented. Therefore, Lily, who is first trombonist in the regional band and is very talented, does not practice hard.
The flawed reasoning in which one of the following arguments most closely resembles the flawed reasoning in the argument above?
(A) In order to have a chance to meet its objectives, the army needs good weather as a precondition for retaining its mobility. The weather is good today, so the army will meet its objectives.
(B) If Lois were on vacation, she would be visiting her brother in Chicago or seeing friends in Toronto. Since she is not on vacation, she is in neither Chicago nor Toronto.
(C) If Johnson is to win the local election, then neither Horan nor Jacobs can enter the race. Since neither of them plans to run, Johnson will win the race.
(D) To stay informed about current events, one must read a major newspaper or watch national TV news every day. So Julie, who is informed about current events and reads a major newspaper every day, does not watch TV news.
(E) If Wayne is to get a ride home from the library, either Yvette or Marty must be there. Yvette is not at the library, so Marty must be there.
The flawed reasoning in which one of the following arguments most closely resembles the flawed reasoning in the argument above?
(A) In order to have a chance to meet its objectives, the army needs good weather as a precondition for retaining its mobility. The weather is good today, so the army will meet its objectives.
(B) If Lois were on vacation, she would be visiting her brother in Chicago or seeing friends in Toronto. Since she is not on vacation, she is in neither Chicago nor Toronto.
(C) If Johnson is to win the local election, then neither Horan nor Jacobs can enter the race. Since neither of them plans to run, Johnson will win the race.
(D) To stay informed about current events, one must read a major newspaper or watch national TV news every day. So Julie, who is informed about current events and reads a major newspaper every day, does not watch TV news.
(E) If Wayne is to get a ride home from the library, either Yvette or Marty must be there. Yvette is not at the library, so Marty must be there.
29 Sep 2025, 22:02
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Let’s break it down.
Stimulus reasoning:
* Premise: To be in the band → must practice hard **or** be talented.
* Case: Lily is in the band and is talented.
* Flawed conclusion: Therefore Lily does not practice hard.
The flaw: Misinterprets “or.” The condition allows **either or both**, but the argument assumes it must be **one or the other, not both**. This is a **false either-or** assumption.
Now compare options:
(A) Army needs good weather for mobility → Good weather today → Army will succeed.
Flaw: Confuses necessary with sufficient. Not the same flaw.
(B) If Lois on vacation → Chicago or Toronto. Lois not on vacation → not in either place.
Flaw: Denies the antecedent. Different error.
(C) Johnson wins only if neither Horan nor Jacobs run → Neither is running → Johnson will win.
Flaw: Again, confuses conditionals. Not the same.
(D) To stay informed → must read newspaper or watch news daily. Julie is informed and reads newspaper → Therefore she doesn’t watch TV.
Flaw: Exact same structure! Assumes if one condition is satisfied, the other cannot be.
(E) For Wayne’s ride → either Yvette or Marty must be there. Yvette not there → So Marty must be.
Flaw: Mistakes “or” as exclusive instead of inclusive. But here the logic is different: it’s about assuming the other must hold. Not the same structure.
Correct answer: D.
Stimulus reasoning:
* Premise: To be in the band → must practice hard **or** be talented.
* Case: Lily is in the band and is talented.
* Flawed conclusion: Therefore Lily does not practice hard.
The flaw: Misinterprets “or.” The condition allows **either or both**, but the argument assumes it must be **one or the other, not both**. This is a **false either-or** assumption.
Now compare options:
(A) Army needs good weather for mobility → Good weather today → Army will succeed.
Flaw: Confuses necessary with sufficient. Not the same flaw.
(B) If Lois on vacation → Chicago or Toronto. Lois not on vacation → not in either place.
Flaw: Denies the antecedent. Different error.
(C) Johnson wins only if neither Horan nor Jacobs run → Neither is running → Johnson will win.
Flaw: Again, confuses conditionals. Not the same.
(D) To stay informed → must read newspaper or watch news daily. Julie is informed and reads newspaper → Therefore she doesn’t watch TV.
Flaw: Exact same structure! Assumes if one condition is satisfied, the other cannot be.
(E) For Wayne’s ride → either Yvette or Marty must be there. Yvette not there → So Marty must be.
Flaw: Mistakes “or” as exclusive instead of inclusive. But here the logic is different: it’s about assuming the other must hold. Not the same structure.
Correct answer: D.
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