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Bunuel
The city of Northtown collects an average of $2.2 million in business taxes per year. Neighboring Southtown collects an average of $1.8 million in business taxes per year. Both cities assess business taxes on net profits. In an attempt to attract new businesses to Southtown, the spokesperson for the chamber of commerce of that city uses these statistics to claim that Southtown’s lower business tax rate offers amore favorable environment for business than can be found in Northtown.

Which of the following, if true, would most seriously undermine the spokesperson’s argument?

(A) Most tax revenue collected in Northtown comes from business taxes.

(B) Most tax revenue collected in Southtown comes from business taxes.

(C) The net profits generated by Northtown businesses are currently twice those of Southtown businesses.

(D) Northtown has twice the population of Southtown.

(E) Southtown businesses generate twice as much sales revenue as do Northtown businesses.



KAPLAN OFFICIAL EXPLANATION:



STEP 1: IDENTIFY THE QUESTION TYPE
The question stem asks you to identify the fact that will most undermine the spokesperson’s argument, so this is a Weaken question.

STEP 2: UNTANGLE THE STIMULUS
The spokesperson claims that Southtown’s lower business tax rate creates a better business environment. The evidence is the lower amount of business taxes collected in Southtown. Thus, the spokesperson is equating lower total business tax receipts with a lesser impact on an individual business that might start up in Southtown.

STEP 3: PREDICT THE ANSWER
While the amount of taxes collected is lower, that doesn’t mean that Southtown has the lower tax rate. Perhaps Southtown has fewer businesses and collected the smaller amount by taking a larger percentage of taxes from those businesses. A good prediction would be “anything that says Southtown may have a smaller amount of business profits to tax or a higher rate of taxation.”

STEP 4: EVALUATE THE CHOICES
(C) matches the prediction and is correct. If Northtown has twice the business profits and doesn’t collect twice the tax revenue of Southtown, then Northtown has the lower tax rate. Thus, a business that started in Northtown would pay less taxes. The argument is only about the impact of business taxes, so whether a smaller or larger proportion of all taxes are business taxes has nothing to do with tax rates and is irrelevant to the conclusion; eliminate (A) and (B). (D) is irrelevant because the size of the population does not necessarily correspond to the amount of business profits or business taxes collected. (E) is irrelevant because business taxes are not assessed on sales but on profits, and if they were assessed on sales, this choice would strengthen, not weaken, the argument.
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