Historian: Frobisher, a sixteenth-century English explorer, had soil samples from an island in Canada assessed for gold content.
The assessments found high gold content, and Elizabeth I consequently funded two mining expeditions, which were both unsuccessful.
Modern analysis of the island’s soil indicates much lower gold content than Frobisher’s reports indicated, and some scholars have therefore hypothesized that the methods used to assess the gold content of Frobisher’s samples were inaccurate. This conclusion would be reasonable only if one could be sure that neither Frobisher nor anyone else had added gold to the samples before they were assessed.
In the historian’s argument, the two
boldfaced portions play which of the following roles?
A. The first provides evidence in favor of the historian’s position; the second presents evidence that has been used to support an opposing position.
B. The first provides evidence in favor of a hypothesis that the historian critiques; the second provides evidence against that hypothesis.
C. The first provides evidence that has been used to support one of two alternative courses of action; the second is a reason given for abandoning that course of action.
D. The first and the second are both pieces of evidence that the argument characterizes as discredited by the circumstances in which they were obtained.
E. The first and the second are two pieces of evidence that point to a discrepancy, the explanation of which is the issue that the argument addresses.
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