Bunuel
In Motor City 90 percent of the population own a car, 15 percent own a motorcycle, and everybody owns one or the other or both. What is the percentage of motorcycle owners who own cars?
(A) 5%
(B) 15%
(C) 33 1/3%
(D) 50%
(E) 90%
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I - Double Matrix (see Diagram) Total number of people = 100. Fill in:
Cars = 90
Motorcycles = 15
No Car, No Motorcycle = 0
Then:
1) Number who do not own a car: 100 - 90 = 10 (No Car)
2) Number of motorcycle owners who do not own a car MUST = 10 because 0 own neither, and the column must add up to 10 (so 10 = Motorcycle and No Car)
3) Number of car AND motorcycle owners: 15 - 10 = 5 - because row MUST add up to 15 (so 5 = Car and Motorcycle)
What is the percentage of
motorcycle owners who own cars?
Motorcycle owners = 15
Motorcycle owners who own cars = 5
\(\frac{5}{15} * 100 =\) (.33 * 100) = 33 1/3 %
Answer C
II - Formula for Overlapping SetsA + B - Both + Neither = Total number
Because we are given percentages, let the total number of people = 100
Let A = people who own cars = 90 percent = 90
Let B = people who own motorcycles = 15 percent = 15
Both?
Everyone owns a car or a motorcycle or both: "Neither" = 0
A + B - Both + Neither = Total number
90 + 15
- Both + 0 = 100
- Both = -5Both = 55 people own both a motorcycle and a car.
What is the percentage of
motorcycle owners who own cars?
Motorcycle owners = B, so: what percentage of B is "both"?
Or: "both" = what percentage of B?
Both = 5, B = 15
\(\frac{5}{15} * 100 =\) (.33 * 100) = 33 1/3%
Answer C