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Mugdho
chetan2u
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How many 2 digit numbers can be formed using any of the 10 digits when repetition is allowed?
(A) 50
(B) 70
(C) 90
(D) 100
(E) 180


Mugdho

I have rewritten the query you had asked here, as that post is locked.

Two ways as you too mentioned

1) Permutation:
Two places AB
A can be any of the digits except 0, so 9.
B can be any of the 10 digits
So 9*10 or 90

2) Combination
You have taken it as 9C1*10C1*2!. That is wrong.
Permutation will be choose any two digits in 10C2 or 45 ways and they can be arranged in 2! ways, so 45*2=90 ways where digits are different.
Add ways when both digits are same, so 10 ways.
But subtract ways where 0 is in tens place, so 1*10 or 10 ways
Total 90+10-10 = 90 ways.


chetan2u

but why do we have to take 2 digits at a time(10c2)?

There are 10 digits.
So for ten's digit we can choose any one from the 9 digits and for unit digit we can choose any one digit from the 10 digits. And then we then arrange them (as we do for other problems of this kind). Why this idea is not valid?!

Posted from my mobile device


Because that is exactly what combination means.
So 10 C2 is number of different combinations of pair of digits and then these pairs can be arranged in 2! within themselves.
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Deconstructing the Question
We are forming 2-digit numbers using the digits 0–9.
Repetition is allowed, but a 2-digit number cannot start with 0.

Step-by-step
Tens digit: Can be 1 through 9 → \(9\) choices
Units digit: Can be 0 through 9 → \(10\) choices

Total number of 2-digit numbers:
\(9 \times 10 = 90\)

Answer: (C) 90
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