Let the original stock price for A = \(a\), which makes the new price \(\frac{5}{4}a\) and the original stock price B = \(b\), with its new stock price being \(\frac{3}{4}b\).
We want \(\frac{a}{b}*100\)
(1) The increased price per share of stock A was equal to the decreased price per share of stock B.\(\frac{5}{4}a = \frac{3}{4}b \) This will be enough to solve the question as no matter whether one solves for \(a\) or \(b\), plugging either answer back into \(\frac{a}{b}*100\) will cancel out the variables and leave most likely a fraction multiplied by 100.
SUFFICIENTSolving for a: \(\frac{5}{4}a = \frac{3}{4}b \)
Multiply through by 4: \(5a = 3b \)
\(a = \frac{3}{5}b\) plugging this back into \(\frac{a}{b}*100\):
\(\frac{\frac{3}{5}b}{b}*100\)
\(\frac{3}{5}*100\)
\(60\)%
(2) The increase in the price per share of stock A was 3/20 of the original price per share of stock B.\(\frac{1}{4}a = \frac{3}{20}b\) as was the case above, solving for either variables and then plugging it back into \(\frac{a}{b}*100\) will result in the canceling out of the variables and yield a percentage.
SUFFICIENTSolving for a: \(\frac{1}{4}a = \frac{3}{20}b\)
\(a = \frac{3}{5}b\) which is identical to what was solved for in the first statement, and will thus also lead to the same answer of 60%
ANSWER D