Understanding the Problem:The cab charges
$x for the first mile and
$y for each additional mile.
Our target: Find the bill for a
10-mile journey = x + 9y
(First mile costs x, remaining 9 miles cost y each)
This is a
"Value" type DS question - we need a unique numerical answer. Since we have
two unknowns (x and y), we need
two independent equations to solve for them.
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Statement 1: The bill for a 5-mile journey is $20.
This gives us: x + 4y = 20
One equation, two unknowns - we cannot find unique values.Test cases:Case 1: x = 4, y = 4 → Check: 4 + 4(4) = 20 ✓ → 10-mile bill = 4 + 9(4) =
$40Case 2: x = 8, y = 3 → Check: 8 + 4(3) = 20 ✓ → 10-mile bill = 8 + 9(3) =
$35Different answers →
Not Sufficient---
Statement 2: The bill for a 3-mile journey is $16.
This gives us: x + 2y = 16
One equation, two unknowns - same problem.Test cases:Case 1: x = 4, y = 6 → Check: 4 + 2(6) = 16 ✓ → 10-mile bill = 4 + 9(6) =
$58Case 2: x = 8, y = 4 → Check: 8 + 2(4) = 16 ✓ → 10-mile bill = 8 + 9(4) =
$44Different answers →
Not Sufficient---
Combined:Now we have two equations:
• x + 4y = 20
• x + 2y = 16
Subtract the second from the first:
2y = 4 →
y = 2Substitute back:
x + 4(2) = 20 →
x = 1210-mile bill = 12 + 9(2) = 12 + 18 = $30We get a unique answer →
Sufficient---
Key Insight: With two unknowns, you need two independent equations. Each statement alone gives only one equation - not enough. Together, they form a solvable system.Answer: C