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Once all applicants were sorted into groups of 6, for group discussions, 2 were left over. If there were more than 40 but fewer than 70 applicants, how many applicants were there?

(1) If all the applicants had been sorted into groups of 5, there would have been none left over.
(2) If all the applicants had been sorted into groups of 7, there would have been 1 left over.

Explanation:

Hint: The required number is “6K + 2”; possibilities are: 44, 50, 56, 62, 68; each statement leads to “50” as only 50 among these possibilities satisfies the given conditions.

Detailed explanation:
Let the total number of applicants be N.
Since once all applicants were sorted into groups of 6, 2 were left over: N = 6p + 2, where p is some non-negative integer. (Equation I)
Since there were more than 40 but fewer than 70 applicants, 40 < N < 70. (Equation II)
We need to find whether the value of N can be determined.

Statement (1)

N = 5q + 0, where q is some non-negative integer. (Equation III)

The values of N that satisfy both Equation I and Equation II are 44, 50, 56, 62, and 68.
The values of N that satisfy both Equation I and Equation III are 45, 50, 55, 60, and 65.
The only value of N that satisfies Equations I, II, and III is 50.

It is possible to determine with certainty the value of N. Hence, Statement (1) is sufficient.

Statement (2)

N = 7r + 1, where r is some non-negative integer. (Equation IV)

The values of N that satisfy both Equation I and Equation II are 44, 50, 56, 62, and 68.
The values of N that satisfy both Equation I and Equation IV are 43, 50, 57, and 64.
The only value of N that satisfies Equations I, II, and IV is 50.

It is possible to determine with certainty the value of N. Hence, Statement (2) is sufficient.

D is the correct answer choice.
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