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Thank you Alex! What you said is very helpful. I am interested in Investment/Asset Management or Commercial Real Estate Investing. Do you think these two fields would be as focused on recruiting from the top 15 MBA programs as Consulting/IB/PE are? I heard that Commercial Real Estate investing may be easier to break into, but Investment Management could be just as hard to get into as IB or PE and may also heavily require a top MBA degree?
Also, I wanted to clarify when you mentioned that most of the value from the top MBA programs comes in the short term, but isn't that important as well? Harvard MBA's according to their employment statistics shows a significantly higher starting salary the first year out in the Investing fields, on the tune of $185,000 of guaranteed compensation.
Absolutely - short-term is VERY important. But that's my point, whether a particular MBA program is worth it to you should be based on short-term considerations (what you want to do for the first 5 years post-MBA), not long-term. As for the compensation, the differences come down to the mix of jobs/industries. So for example, the average or median differences between say HBS and a top 30 school comes down to the actual jobs that HBS grads take versus those who go to the top 30 (they take jobs in industries or job functions that pay more, rather than being paid more for working in the same job function). For example, if you join McKinsey, you will get the same overall comp regardless of whether you graduated from HBS or UNC (the only potential differences are cost-of-living adjustments where some offices i.e. London UK vs. Minneapolis).
The salary differences are driven mostly by the composition of industries and job functions (i.e. more folks at top schools go into banking or consulting, which tend to pay more than industry), as well as geographic locations as well: those at the top schools tend to strongly prefer living/working in major business centers (NY, London, SF, etc) where the higher salaries reflect the higher costs of living. Conversely, those at more regional schools like Emory tend to stay local post-MBA, where the salaries reflect a lower cost of living. In other words, that $185,000 living in NYC gives you a middle class lifestyle if you're single (but you can't afford to buy). But that same $185,000 per year in Houston can allow you to raise a family and buy a house (and live very well compared to in NYC).
As for investment management - get a CFA. You don't need it while in b-school, but if you're in IM it's basically expected that you get one. Also, they tend to value prior experience more than pedigree beyond a certain threshold (i.e. with your finance background you have a better shot at an IM job coming out of USC than some non-profit person coming out of Stanford).
As for commercial real estate, it's about building your network in the region which you want to operate. It's a very local business, and yes it's one of the industries where pedigree matters less than say IB, PE or mgmt consulting. As you may sense, the biggest asset you can bring is knowing rich/wealthy folks (or what is called "access to capital") and you don't meet those folks in b-school (because MBA alums may end up living comfortable lives, but few will end up being truly wealthy; most end up working *for* rich people, not being rich if that makes any sense - high income doesn't really help you to build the kind of asset base to make you wealthy).