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20 Jan 2014, 13:24
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According to the GMAT rules on parallelism, do the tenses of independent clauses need to be the same if joined by a conjunction?
For example, the below sentence that I found in a news article uses a simple past tense in the first independent clause and a present perfect tense in the second independent clause. Is it parallel?
He was a great state legislator and has been a fine Congressman and Senator.
For example, the below sentence that I found in a news article uses a simple past tense in the first independent clause and a present perfect tense in the second independent clause. Is it parallel?
He was a great state legislator and has been a fine Congressman and Senator.
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20 Jan 2014, 18:24
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TooLong150
Dear TooLong150,
I'm happy to respond.
First of all, yes, that sentence has perfect parallelism. Furthermore, there are SC problems in the GMAT OG in which verbs in parallel have different tenses. I discuss this in this blog post:
https://magoosh.com/gmat/2012/gmat-gramm ... rb-tenses/
Mike
20 Jan 2014, 20:52
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TooLong150
First of all, 'and' will always not join two independent clauses. It can separate two entities in a list.
Consider the following sentences,
1. He was a great state legislator and a fine Congressman and Senator.
'and' here separates a list - being a state legislator and being a fine congressman and senator (fine jointly defines congressman and senator)
2. He was a great state legislator, and he has been a fine Congressman and Senator.
'and' here acts as a co-ordinating conjunction and separates the two independent clauses. The has been induces a sequencing of events. 'was' indicates an action that happened in the past, and 'has been' indicates an action that started in past and continues into the present.
3. He was a great state legislator, a fine congressman and a wily Senator.
'and' is used to connect the three entities in the list.
4. He was a great state legislator and has been a fine Congressman and Senator. (given sentence)
This is the same as '2' except that the portion after 'and' is not an independent clause. 'and' is separating the two entities. (This sentence is a more concise way of writing '2')
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This topic has been closed and archived due to inactivity or violation of community quality standards. No more replies are possible here.
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Still interested in this question? Check out the "Best Topics" block above for a better discussion on this exact question, as well as several more related questions.
Thank you for understanding, and happy exploring!
