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07 May 2020, 12:49
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73% (02:05) correct
27%
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Among people who have a history of chronic trouble falling asleep, some rely only on sleeping pills to help them fall asleep, and others practice behavior modification techniques and do not take sleeping pills. Those who rely only on behavior modification fall asleep more quickly than do those who rely only on sleeping pills, so behavior modification is more effective than are sleeping pills in helping people to fall asleep.
Which one of the following, if true, most weakens the argument?
(A) People who do not take sleeping pills spend at least as many total hours asleep each night as do the people who take sleeping pills.
(B) Most people who have trouble falling asleep and who use behavior modification techniques fall asleep more slowly than do most people who have no trouble falling asleep.
(C) Many people who use only behavior modification techniques to help them fall asleep have never used sleeping pills.
(D) The people who are the most likely to take sleeping pills rather than practice behavior modification techniques are those who have previously had the most trouble falling asleep.
(E) The people who are the most likely to practice behavior modification techniques rather than take sleeping pills are those who prefer not to use drugs if other treatments are available.
Which one of the following, if true, most weakens the argument?
(A) People who do not take sleeping pills spend at least as many total hours asleep each night as do the people who take sleeping pills.
(B) Most people who have trouble falling asleep and who use behavior modification techniques fall asleep more slowly than do most people who have no trouble falling asleep.
(C) Many people who use only behavior modification techniques to help them fall asleep have never used sleeping pills.
(D) The people who are the most likely to take sleeping pills rather than practice behavior modification techniques are those who have previously had the most trouble falling asleep.
(E) The people who are the most likely to practice behavior modification techniques rather than take sleeping pills are those who prefer not to use drugs if other treatments are available.
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07 May 2020, 19:29
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People with sleeping problem take two approaches:
1. pills
2. behavioural practice with no pills
Observation is that time taken by approach 1 to fall asleep is > time taken by approach 2. From this observation, it is concluded that behavioural practice is more effective than taking pills.
Now, we have to weaken this conclusion. To arrive at this conclusion, time taken to fall asleep is used as the supporting evidence. So, we need to find more details around the time taken by these two groups to weaken the conclusion.
(A) People who do not take sleeping pills spend at least as many total hours asleep each night as do the people who take sleeping pills - not correct, the argument and the conclusion is all about how quickly people with sleeping issues fall asleep. So, knowing this info, we can't weaken or strengthen the conclusion that is behavioural approach is more effective than taking pills
(B) Most people who have trouble falling asleep and who use behavior modification techniques fall asleep more slowly than do most people who have no trouble falling asleep - not correct, in the observation study, comparison is done between people who take pills and who follow behavioural approach. However, this choice gives the comparison between people who follow behavioural modification and people who don't have sleeping issues
(C) Many people who use only behavior modification techniques to help them fall asleep have never used sleeping pills - not correct, this information is already given in the argument, not useful to attack it.
(D) The people who are the most likely to take sleeping pills rather than practice behavior modification techniques are those who have previously had the most trouble falling asleep - correct, assume number of people with sleeping issues are 100. Some 10 people tried behavioural modification technique, but it didn't help to fall asleep quickly (taking >2 hours). Then, these 10 people tried pills (may be they fell asleep in <2 hours). So, for these 10 people, pills are effective.
Remaining 90 might have tried behavioural modification technique, and it did help them to fall asleep. So, they didn't have to try pills. So, if we consider the above scenario, then we can't generalise that behavioural modification approach is more effective than taking pills.
(E) The people who are the most likely to practice behavior modification techniques rather than take sleeping pills are those who prefer not to use drugs if other treatments are available - not correct, this might be true, but using this evidence, we can't attack the conclusion as this choice gives details about people who follow behavioural modification technique
1. pills
2. behavioural practice with no pills
Observation is that time taken by approach 1 to fall asleep is > time taken by approach 2. From this observation, it is concluded that behavioural practice is more effective than taking pills.
Now, we have to weaken this conclusion. To arrive at this conclusion, time taken to fall asleep is used as the supporting evidence. So, we need to find more details around the time taken by these two groups to weaken the conclusion.
(A) People who do not take sleeping pills spend at least as many total hours asleep each night as do the people who take sleeping pills - not correct, the argument and the conclusion is all about how quickly people with sleeping issues fall asleep. So, knowing this info, we can't weaken or strengthen the conclusion that is behavioural approach is more effective than taking pills
(B) Most people who have trouble falling asleep and who use behavior modification techniques fall asleep more slowly than do most people who have no trouble falling asleep - not correct, in the observation study, comparison is done between people who take pills and who follow behavioural approach. However, this choice gives the comparison between people who follow behavioural modification and people who don't have sleeping issues
(C) Many people who use only behavior modification techniques to help them fall asleep have never used sleeping pills - not correct, this information is already given in the argument, not useful to attack it.
(D) The people who are the most likely to take sleeping pills rather than practice behavior modification techniques are those who have previously had the most trouble falling asleep - correct, assume number of people with sleeping issues are 100. Some 10 people tried behavioural modification technique, but it didn't help to fall asleep quickly (taking >2 hours). Then, these 10 people tried pills (may be they fell asleep in <2 hours). So, for these 10 people, pills are effective.
Remaining 90 might have tried behavioural modification technique, and it did help them to fall asleep. So, they didn't have to try pills. So, if we consider the above scenario, then we can't generalise that behavioural modification approach is more effective than taking pills.
(E) The people who are the most likely to practice behavior modification techniques rather than take sleeping pills are those who prefer not to use drugs if other treatments are available - not correct, this might be true, but using this evidence, we can't attack the conclusion as this choice gives details about people who follow behavioural modification technique
14 Sep 2021, 03:49
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