On arriving at Grand Central Station, Bill's friends met him and took him immediately to his speaking engagement on Wall Street.
I will try : check if you like it
A)
On arriving at Grand Central Station, Bill's friends met him and took him immediately to his speaking engagement
B)
Arriving at Grand Central Station, Bill's friends who met him immediately took him to his speaking engagement
A + B are simply NOK as the underlined parts are the modifiers and they modify "Bill's friends". Which is logically incorrect.
C)
When he arrived at Grand Central Station, Bill's friends met him and took him immediately to his speaking engagement
The underlined part is no longer a modifier as it has its own Subject ( he ) , now it is a clause. A dependent clause with "When" as
subordinator.
So the contruction is :
When IC, IC =
DC,IC
Its not uncommon to have the pronoun first to refer the subject in the main clause. "He" in the dependent clause is used
to point out "him" in the main clause.
Note that he may not be BILL altogether. For me, it can be any person - May be SILL ... so SILL met BILL's friend. Or may be it was BILL.
But whatever it may be .... HE ( in DC ) and HIM ( IN IC ) refer to the same identity.So this makes sense.
D) When he arrived at Grand Central Station, he was taken immediately to his speaking engagement
E) After arriving at Grand Central Station, he was immediately taken to his speaking engagement
For D and E there are 2 Problems.
1. It is passive. " was taken ".
2. No mention of BILL. Is he lost in the AIR. Who took the "HE" ??? Do not change the intended meaning UNLESS correct option is not
provided. D/E can look attractive but C ( bieng ugly ) has BILL.
So even if the E is beautiful than C , the cost of loosing BILL is very HIGH
