Among lower-paid workers, union members are less likely than

Question

Among lower-paid workers, union members are less likely than non union members to be enrolled in lower- end insuarance plans  imposing stricter limits on medical service and requiring doctors to see more patients, and spend  less time with each.
A. imposing stricter limits on medical service and requiring doctors to see more patients, and spend
B. imposing stricter limits on medical service, requiring doctors to see more patients, and spending
C. that impose stricter limits on medical service, require doctors to see more patients, and spend
D. that impose stricter limits on medical service and require doctors to see more patients, and spending
E. that impose stricter limits on medical service, requiring doctors to see more patients and spending

Tks for ur help/.

nevergiveup · Answer

imposing stricter limits should be modify the insurance only. The use of imposing modifies the whole phrase before it. That is needed here. So eliminate A and B.
D is wrong. impose...require...spending. According to the logic of the sentence, impose and require cannot be parallel.
C is wrong for the same reason.
I am going to go with E.

x2suresh · Answer

https://gmatclub.com/forum/11-t75587

hocnhan · Answer

Here is the explanation from manhattan GMAT forum:

"
you have to realize which verbs are supposed to be parallel and which aren't. there's no grammatical formula for this; you have to examine the meaning of the sentence to figure it out.
- 'impose' (in whatever form) should be parallel to 'require' (again, in whatever form). these are two different things, both of which are aspects of the plan (= logical parallelism).
- 'spend' should not be parallel to 'see', because it functions as a modifier of 'see' (it's a descriptive adverb modifier, detailing the way in which the doctors see the patients).

choice a: 'spend' is ungrammatical here (it has no logical subject, and isn't parallel to anything).
choice b: imposing, requiring, and spending are all parallel, implying that the insurance plans do all three of these things (an absurdity in the last case).
choice c: all three verbs are parallel again, leading to the same absurdity witnessed in choice b.
choice d (= correct): the parallelism follows the model outlined above: only the verbs that are logically parallel appear in parallel structure.
choice e: 'requiring' and 'spending' are parallel in the modifier, implying that the plans themselves spend time with patients (in addition to requiring blah blah blah). this doesn't make sense."

So, choice D is correct.

Among lower-paid workers, union members are less likely than

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