Quote:
Yellow jackets number among the 900 or so species of the world‘s social wasps, wasps living in a highly cooperative and organized society where they consist almost entirely of females—the queen and her sterile female workers.
The above sentence has the following errors in its underlined part.
The word
THEY stands out to me while reading this sentence. "They" being a plural relative pronoun needs to refer to plural antecedent. The plural antecedent existent in the sentence are: wasps, Yellow jackets or species.
None of them make any sense.
2. Where is referring back to Society, which isn't a physical space. Where needs to refer to a physical space, and not to any situation, circumstance et al.
Quote:
A. wasps living in a highly cooperative and organized society where they consist almost entirely of
A goes out because of the above mentioned reason.
Quote:
B. wasps that live in a highly cooperative and organized society consisting almost entirely of
This looks fine. NO pronoun ambiguity. Consisting(Present Participle) adjectival phrase modifies the "society"
The descriptors of the wasp society are in parallel form, and consisting properly modifies society.
Quote:
C. which means they live in a highly cooperative and organized society, almost all
D. which means that their society is highly cooperative, organized, and it is almost entirely
Not the best place to place WHICH. Which can't modify the entire preceding clause. It modifies the most eligible preceding noun. "Wasp" in this case. Not the eligible referent.
Quote:
E. living in a society that is highly cooperative, organized, and it consists of almost all
Two reasons to eliminate this:
1. Parallelism isn't proper. Three parallel elements: highly cooperative (Adjective), organized(Adjective) and it consists of almost all(Clause) Three elements not parallel.
2. living in a society...refers to the entire preceding clause/Subject of the preceding clause. This particular reference isn't at all required here.
B is the best choice, which uses a construction named "Appositives"