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28 Jul 2022, 02:00
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zoezhuyan
zoezhuyan - The point is that a larger object appears slower than a smaller object of the same speed.
The actual speeds of the objects are irrelevant. As I mentioned above while explaining option (E), when an object is moving at 50 mph, whether my estimate is less than that, equal to that or more than that depends on my estimating skill.
The phrase "(than its actual speed)" needed to be removed from above which I have done.
The only thing we are given is that when two objects are moving at the same speed, the larger one appears slower than the smaller one (though they both have the same speed). Keeping this in mind, review the question once more and see if it makes sense.
28 Jul 2022, 23:29
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KarishmaB
hi KarishmaB
I haven't read "the same speed" in the argument,i think I must missed something, but I am sure what I missed.
would you please explain further?
hope I did not disturb you much.
have a nice day.
28 Jul 2022, 23:49
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zoezhuyan
That is the part the argument wants us to understand and select from the options.
Look at the given data:
... the illusion of velocity and size makes objects appear to be moving more slowly the larger the objects are.
What does this mean? Say an object is moving at 50 mph. You see it moving and see that it has a certain speed. If you were to guess, you might say it is moving at 40 mph or 50 mph or 60 mph whatever.
Now say the object is double stacked and becomes larger. The "illusion" says that now it will seem to you to be moving at a slower speed than before i.e. now you may guess that it is moving at 30 mph or 40 mph or 50 mph respectively (depending on what you guessed before)
What information will make the above given meaningful? If we know that the object's speed did not change when its size was increased, then it becomes meaningful. Then we know that an illusion exists such that though the speed does not change, we feel that it has reduced because the object has become larger.
If the object actually slowed down when it became larger, then it is not an illusion anymore.
That is why the conclusion (an application of the illusion principle) can be properly drawn if it is known that the speed is the same in both cases. That is how we select option (B) as the answer.
20 May 2023, 02:24
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The given statement explains that the illusion of velocity and size causes objects to appear to be moving more slowly as they become larger. Based on this, it is concluded that a motorist's estimate of the time available for crossing a highway with a small car approaching will be lower than it would be with a large truck approaching. Let's evaluate each option to determine which clarifications would strengthen the conclusion:
(A) The truck's speed is assumed to be lower than the car's.
This option does not strengthen the conclusion. While it introduces a speed comparison between the car and the truck, it does not directly address or clarify the impact of the illusion of velocity and size on the motorist's estimate of time available for crossing the highway.
(B) The truck's speed is assumed to be the same as the car's.
This option strengthens the conclusion. If the truck's speed is assumed to be the same as the car's, it reinforces the notion that the illusion of velocity and size is the primary factor influencing the motorist's estimate of time available. As the larger truck approaches, it would appear to be moving more slowly due to the optical illusion, leading the motorist to perceive less time available for crossing the highway compared to a smaller car.
(C) The truck's speed is assumed to be higher than the car's.
This option weakens the conclusion. If the truck's speed is assumed to be higher than the car's, it contradicts the claim that the illusion of velocity and size makes objects appear to move more slowly as they become larger. In this scenario, the larger truck would appear to be moving faster, which would not support the conclusion that the motorist's estimate of time available is lower with a small car approaching than with a large truck approaching.
(D) The motorist's estimate of time available is assumed to be more accurate with cars approaching than with trucks approaching.
This option weakens the conclusion. If the motorist's estimate of time available is assumed to be more accurate with cars approaching than with trucks approaching, it contradicts the claim that the illusion of velocity and size influences the motorist's perception of time. The conclusion relies on the assumption that the illusion causes the motorist's estimate to be lower when a small car approaches, suggesting that the estimate is less accurate. This option suggests the opposite.
(E) The motorist's estimate of time available is assumed to be more accurate with trucks approaching than with cars approaching.
This option strengthens the conclusion. If the motorist's estimate of time available is assumed to be more accurate with trucks approaching than with cars approaching, it supports the claim that the illusion of velocity and size affects the motorist's perception of time. It reinforces the idea that the illusion makes objects, such as larger trucks, appear to move more slowly, leading the motorist to have a higher estimate of time available when a large truck approaches compared to a small car.
In conclusion, the conclusion provided in the statement would be more properly drawn if it were made clear that the truck's speed is assumed to be the same as the car's (option B). This strengthens the conclusion by reinforcing the notion that the illusion of velocity and size influences the motorist's estimate of time available, as the larger truck would appear to be moving more slowly. The other options either weaken the conclusion or introduce conflicting assumptions.
(A) The truck's speed is assumed to be lower than the car's.
This option does not strengthen the conclusion. While it introduces a speed comparison between the car and the truck, it does not directly address or clarify the impact of the illusion of velocity and size on the motorist's estimate of time available for crossing the highway.
(B) The truck's speed is assumed to be the same as the car's.
This option strengthens the conclusion. If the truck's speed is assumed to be the same as the car's, it reinforces the notion that the illusion of velocity and size is the primary factor influencing the motorist's estimate of time available. As the larger truck approaches, it would appear to be moving more slowly due to the optical illusion, leading the motorist to perceive less time available for crossing the highway compared to a smaller car.
(C) The truck's speed is assumed to be higher than the car's.
This option weakens the conclusion. If the truck's speed is assumed to be higher than the car's, it contradicts the claim that the illusion of velocity and size makes objects appear to move more slowly as they become larger. In this scenario, the larger truck would appear to be moving faster, which would not support the conclusion that the motorist's estimate of time available is lower with a small car approaching than with a large truck approaching.
(D) The motorist's estimate of time available is assumed to be more accurate with cars approaching than with trucks approaching.
This option weakens the conclusion. If the motorist's estimate of time available is assumed to be more accurate with cars approaching than with trucks approaching, it contradicts the claim that the illusion of velocity and size influences the motorist's perception of time. The conclusion relies on the assumption that the illusion causes the motorist's estimate to be lower when a small car approaches, suggesting that the estimate is less accurate. This option suggests the opposite.
(E) The motorist's estimate of time available is assumed to be more accurate with trucks approaching than with cars approaching.
This option strengthens the conclusion. If the motorist's estimate of time available is assumed to be more accurate with trucks approaching than with cars approaching, it supports the claim that the illusion of velocity and size affects the motorist's perception of time. It reinforces the idea that the illusion makes objects, such as larger trucks, appear to move more slowly, leading the motorist to have a higher estimate of time available when a large truck approaches compared to a small car.
In conclusion, the conclusion provided in the statement would be more properly drawn if it were made clear that the truck's speed is assumed to be the same as the car's (option B). This strengthens the conclusion by reinforcing the notion that the illusion of velocity and size influences the motorist's estimate of time available, as the larger truck would appear to be moving more slowly. The other options either weaken the conclusion or introduce conflicting assumptions.
