It is necessary to know that POMC neurons are both the protein units that influence the function of the heart and suppress the appetite.
"Seeing and smelling food after a period of fasting" doesn't really suppress the appetite for a sustainable amount of time; instead, it should be the contrary.
Therefore we can conclude answer E is grammatically correct and logical.
A. triggers POMC neurons, the protein units that influence the function of the heart, suppressing the appetite for a sustainable amount of time, making
themThis answer implies POMC neurons suppress the appetite. See above explanation
missing "and" before "making", and it is unclear who "them" is referring to.
B. trigger POMC neurons, the protein units that influence the heart function and suppress the appetite for a sustainable amount of time to make
themmissing "and" before "making", and it is unclear who "them" is referring to.C. triggers POMC neurons, the units of protein influencing the function of the heart, suppress the appetite for a sustainable amount of time, and make
themThis answer implies POMC neurons suppress the appetite. See above explanation
missing "and" before "making", and it is unclear who "them" is referring to.D. trigger POMC neurons, the units of protein influencing the heart function, and suppress the appetite for a sustainable amount of time to make humans
This answer implies the "seeing and smelling food after a period of fasting" does : (1) trigger (verb) POMC neuron, (2) the units of protein? (a noun), suppress the appetite.. (verb). It is both not parallel and illogical.E. trigger POMC neurons, the protein units that influence the function of the heart and for a sustainable amount of time suppress the appetite, making humans.
Correct answer. This addressed the above issues.