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Let Milk = x water = 0

After first process:
Milk = 2x/3
Water = x/3

After second process:
Milk = (2/3)*(2x/3) = 4x/9
Water = (2/3)*(x/3) + x/3 = 5x/9

After third process:
Milk = (2/3)*(4x/9) = 8x/27
Water = (2/3)*(5x/9) + x/3 = 19x/27

Given: 8x/27 = 16
So, x = 54

So, water = 19x/27 = 38
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we start with 100% milk.
100% - 1/3(100%) ~ 67% milk left (33% water)
again 67% - 1/3(67%) ~ 45% milk left (55% water)
3rd time = 45% - 1/3(45%) ~ 30% milk left (70% water)
Now, given 30% = 16 Ltr
so 70% = 16/30 * 70 = 37.999.. = 38 ltr hence B is the ans.
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Bunuel
A vessel is full of milk. 1/3 of the solution is taken out and replaced with water. This process is repeated thrice. At the end of it, if 16 liters of milk remains, how much water will be present in the vessel?

A. 17 ltr
B. 38 ltr
C. 39 ltr
D. 40 ltr
E. 42 ltr

Breaking Down the Info:

The process of taking out 1/3 of the solution leaves only 2/3 of the solution left each time. By repeating this three times, we are left with \((\frac{2}{3})^3 = \frac{8}{27}\) of the solution.

Since we have 16 liters of milk left, the original volume must be \(\frac{27}{8}*16 = 54 \text{ L}\), and 54 - 16 = 38 L of that is water.

Answer: B
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C2 = C1 (V1/V2)^n
C2= final conc.
C1= initial conc.
V1 = initial volume after removal
v2= final volume after removal
Let v2 = V litres which is the final volume of the solution.
V1 = 1 - 1/3
V2 =1
16/V = 1 * (2/3) ^3
V=54

Hence water = 54 - 16 =38 lt.

KarishmaB is my approach my correct ?
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Bunuel
A vessel is full of milk. 1/3 of the solution is taken out and replaced with water. This process is repeated thrice. At the end of it, if 16 liters of milk remains, how much water will be present in the vessel?

A. 17 ltr
B. 38 ltr
C. 39 ltr
D. 40 ltr
E. 42 ltr
Using the replacement formula,

16 = (16+x)(1-1/3)^3
16 = 8/27(16+x)
x = 38
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